// { dg-do run { target c++11 } }

// The class X and test code is by by Howard Hinnant and used under a
// Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
// http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
// https://github.com/HowardHinnant/papers/blob/master/insert_vs_emplace.html
//
// The original code was reformatted and modified to use the VERIFY macro
// instead of writing to standard output.

#include <testsuite_hooks.h>
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>

class X
{
  int i_;
  int* p_;

public:
  struct special
  {
    unsigned c;
    unsigned dt;
    unsigned cc;
    unsigned ca;
    unsigned mc;
    unsigned ma;
  };
  static special sp;

  X(int i, int* p)
    : i_(i)
      , p_(p)
  {
    //         std::cout << "X(int i, int* p)\n";
    sp.c++;
  }

  ~X()
  {
    //         std::cout << "~X()\n";
    sp.dt++;
  }

  X(const X& x)
    : i_(x.i_)
      , p_(x.p_)
  {
    //         std::cout << "X(const X& x)\n";
    sp.cc++;
  }

  X& operator=(const X& x)
  {

    i_ = x.i_;
    p_ = x.p_;
    //         std::cout << "X& operator=(const X& x)\n";
    sp.ca++;
    return *this;
  }

  X(X&& x) noexcept
    : i_(x.i_)
    , p_(x.p_)
    {
      //         std::cout << "X(X&& x)\n";
      sp.mc++;
    }

  X& operator=(X&& x) noexcept
  {

    i_ = x.i_;
    p_ = x.p_;
    //         std::cout << "X& operator=(X&& x)\n";
    sp.ma++;
    return *this;
  }

};

std::ostream&
operator<<(std::ostream& os, X::special const& sp)
{
  os << sp.c << '\n';
  os << sp.dt << '\n';
  os << sp.cc << '\n';
  os << sp.ca << '\n';
  os << sp.mc << '\n';
  os << sp.ma << '\n';
  return os;
}

X::special X::sp{};

bool
operator==(const X::special& lhs, const X::special& rhs)
{
  return lhs.c == rhs.c && lhs.dt == rhs.dt
    && lhs.cc == rhs.cc && lhs.ca == rhs.ca
    && lhs.mc == rhs.mc && lhs.ma == rhs.ma;
}

// Verify that insert and emplace are equally efficient.
// Also verify exact number of operations (which are specific to this
// implementation) in order to catch any regressions.

// insert vs emplace lvalue no reallocation
void
test01()
{
  const X::special expected{ 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 3 };
  X::special ins, emp;
  {
    std::vector<X> v;
    v.reserve(4);
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    X x{0,0};
    // std::cout << "--insert lvalue no reallocation--\n";
    X::sp = {};
    v.insert(v.begin(), x);
    // std::cout << X::sp;
    // std::cout << "----\n";
    ins = X::sp;
  }
  {
    std::vector<X> v;
    v.reserve(4);
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    X x{0,0};
    // std::cout << "--emplace lvalue no reallocation--\n";
    X::sp = {};
    v.emplace(v.begin(), x);
    // std::cout << X::sp;
    // std::cout << "----\n";
    emp = X::sp;
  }
  VERIFY( ins == emp );
  VERIFY( ins == expected );
}

// insert vs emplace xvalue no reallocation
void
test02()
{
  const X::special expected{ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 3 };
  X::special ins, emp;
  {
    std::vector<X> v;
    v.reserve(4);
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    X x{0,0};
    // std::cout << "--insert xvalue no reallocation--\n";
    X::sp = {};
    v.insert(v.begin(), std::move(x));
    // std::cout << X::sp;
    // std::cout << "----\n";
    ins = X::sp;
  }
  {
    std::vector<X> v;
    v.reserve(4);
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    X x{0,0};
    // std::cout << "--emplace xvalue no reallocation--\n";
    X::sp = {};
    v.emplace(v.begin(), std::move(x));
    // std::cout << X::sp;
    // std::cout << "----\n";
    emp = X::sp;
  }
  VERIFY( ins == emp );
  VERIFY( ins == expected );
}

// insert vs emplace rvalue no reallocation
void
test03()
{
  const X::special expected{ 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 3 };
  X::special ins, emp;
  {
    std::vector<X> v;
    v.reserve(4);
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    // std::cout << "--insert rvalue no reallocation--\n";
    X::sp = {};
    v.insert(v.begin(), X{0,0});
    // std::cout << X::sp;
    // std::cout << "----\n";
    ins = X::sp;
  }
  {
    std::vector<X> v;
    v.reserve(4);
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    // std::cout << "--emplace rvalue no reallocation--\n";
    X::sp = {};
    v.emplace(v.begin(), X{0,0});
    // std::cout << X::sp;
    // std::cout << "----\n";
    emp = X::sp;
  }
  VERIFY( ins == emp );
  VERIFY( ins == expected );
}

// insert vs emplace lvalue reallocation
void
test04()
{
  const X::special expected{ 0, 3, 1, 0, 3, 0 };
  X::special ins, emp;
  {
    std::vector<X> v;
    v.reserve(3);
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    X x{0,0};
    // std::cout << "--insert lvalue reallocation--\n";
    X::sp = {};
    v.insert(v.begin(), x);
    // std::cout << X::sp;
    // std::cout << "----\n";
    ins = X::sp;
  }
  {
    std::vector<X> v;
    v.reserve(3);
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    X x{0,0};
    // std::cout << "--emplace lvalue reallocation--\n";
    X::sp = {};
    v.emplace(v.begin(), x);
    // std::cout << X::sp;
    // std::cout << "----\n";
    emp = X::sp;
  }
  VERIFY( ins == emp );
  VERIFY( ins == expected );
}

// insert vs emplace xvalue reallocation
void
test05()
{
  const X::special expected{ 0, 3, 0, 0, 4, 0 };
  X::special ins, emp;
  {
    std::vector<X> v;
    v.reserve(3);
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    X x{0,0};
    // std::cout << "--insert xvalue reallocation--\n";
    X::sp = {};
    v.insert(v.begin(), std::move(x));
    // std::cout << X::sp;
    // std::cout << "----\n";
    ins = X::sp;
  }
  {
    std::vector<X> v;
    v.reserve(3);
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    X x{0,0};
    // std::cout << "--emplace xvalue reallocation--\n";
    X::sp = {};
    v.emplace(v.begin(), std::move(x));
    // std::cout << X::sp;
    // std::cout << "----\n";
    emp = X::sp;
  }
  VERIFY( ins == emp );
  VERIFY( ins == expected );
}

// insert vs emplace rvalue reallocation
void
test06()
{
  const X::special expected{ 1, 4, 0, 0, 4, 0 };
  X::special ins, emp;
  {
    std::vector<X> v;
    v.reserve(3);
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    // std::cout << "--insert rvalue reallocation--\n";
    X::sp = {};
    v.insert(v.begin(), X{0,0});
    // std::cout << X::sp;
    // std::cout << "----\n";
    ins = X::sp;
  }
  {
    std::vector<X> v;
    v.reserve(3);
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    // std::cout << "--emplace rvalue reallocation--\n";
    X::sp = {};
    v.emplace(v.begin(), X{0,0});
    // std::cout << X::sp;
    // std::cout << "----\n";
    emp = X::sp;
  }
  VERIFY( ins == emp );
  VERIFY( ins == expected );
}

// push_back vs emplace_back lvalue no reallocation
void
test07()
{
  const X::special expected{ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 };
  X::special ins, emp;
  {
    std::vector<X> v;
    v.reserve(4);
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    X x{0,0};
    // std::cout << "--push_back lvalue no reallocation--\n";
    X::sp = {};
    v.push_back(x);
    // std::cout << X::sp;
    // std::cout << "----\n";
    ins = X::sp;
  }
  {
    std::vector<X> v;
    v.reserve(4);
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    X x{0,0};
    // std::cout << "--emplace_back lvalue no reallocation--\n";
    X::sp = {};
    v.emplace_back(x);
    // std::cout << X::sp;
    // std::cout << "----\n";
    emp = X::sp;
  }
  VERIFY( ins == emp );
  VERIFY( ins == expected );
}

// push_back vs emplace_back xvalue no reallocation
void
test08()
{
  const X::special expected{ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 };
  X::special ins, emp;
  {
    std::vector<X> v;
    v.reserve(4);
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    X x{0,0};
    // std::cout << "--push_back xvalue no reallocation--\n";
    X::sp = {};
    v.push_back(std::move(x));
    // std::cout << X::sp;
    // std::cout << "----\n";
    ins = X::sp;
  }
  {
    std::vector<X> v;
    v.reserve(4);
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    X x{0,0};
    // std::cout << "--emplace_back xvalue no reallocation--\n";
    X::sp = {};
    v.emplace_back(std::move(x));
    // std::cout << X::sp;
    // std::cout << "----\n";
    emp = X::sp;
  }
  VERIFY( ins == emp );
  VERIFY( ins == expected );
}

// push_back vs emplace_back rvalue no reallocation
void
test09()
{
  const X::special expected{ 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0 };
  X::special ins, emp;
  {
    std::vector<X> v;
    v.reserve(4);
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    // std::cout << "--push_back rvalue no reallocation--\n";
    X::sp = {};
    v.push_back(X{0,0});
    // std::cout << X::sp;
    // std::cout << "----\n";
    ins = X::sp;
  }
  {
    std::vector<X> v;
    v.reserve(4);
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    // std::cout << "--emplace_back rvalue no reallocation--\n";
    X::sp = {};
    v.emplace_back(X{0,0});
    // std::cout << X::sp;
    // std::cout << "----\n";
    emp = X::sp;
  }
  VERIFY( ins == emp );
  VERIFY( ins == expected );
}

// push_back vs emplace_back lvalue reallocation
void
test10()
{
  const X::special expected{ 0, 3, 1, 0, 3, 0 };
  X::special ins, emp;
  {
    std::vector<X> v;
    v.reserve(3);
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    X x{0,0};
    // std::cout << "--push_back lvalue reallocation--\n";
    X::sp = {};
    v.push_back(x);
    // std::cout << X::sp;
    // std::cout << "----\n";
    ins = X::sp;
  }
  {
    std::vector<X> v;
    v.reserve(3);
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    X x{0,0};
    // std::cout << "--emplace_back lvalue reallocation--\n";
    X::sp = {};
    v.emplace_back(x);
    // std::cout << X::sp;
    // std::cout << "----\n";
    emp = X::sp;
  }
  VERIFY( ins == emp );
  VERIFY( ins == expected );
}

// push_back vs emplace_back xvalue reallocation
void
test11()
{
  const X::special expected{ 0, 3, 0, 0, 4, 0 };
  X::special ins, emp;
  {
    std::vector<X> v;
    v.reserve(3);
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    X x{0,0};
    // std::cout << "--push_back xvalue reallocation--\n";
    X::sp = {};
    v.push_back(std::move(x));
    // std::cout << X::sp;
    // std::cout << "----\n";
    ins = X::sp;
  }
  {
    std::vector<X> v;
    v.reserve(3);
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    X x{0,0};
    // std::cout << "--emplace_back xvalue reallocation--\n";
    X::sp = {};
    v.emplace_back(std::move(x));
    // std::cout << X::sp;
    // std::cout << "----\n";
    emp = X::sp;
  }
  VERIFY( ins == emp );
  VERIFY( ins == expected );
}

// push_back vs emplace_back rvalue reallocation
void
test12()
{
  const X::special expected{ 1, 4, 0, 0, 4, 0 };
  X::special ins, emp;
  {
    std::vector<X> v;
    v.reserve(3);
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    // std::cout << "--push_back rvalue reallocation--\n";
    X::sp = {};
    v.push_back(X{0,0});
    // std::cout << X::sp;
    // std::cout << "----\n";
    ins = X::sp;
  }
  {
    std::vector<X> v;
    v.reserve(3);
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    v.push_back(X(0,0));
    // std::cout << "--emplace_back rvalue reallocation--\n";
    X::sp = {};
    v.emplace_back(X{0,0});
    // std::cout << X::sp;
    // std::cout << "----\n";
    emp = X::sp;
  }
  VERIFY( ins == emp );
  VERIFY( ins == expected );
}

int
main()
{
  test01();
  test02();
  test03();
  test04();
  test05();
  test06();
  test07();
  test08();
  test09();
  test10();
  test11();
  test12();
}