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TYPE is made up of one or more of these specifications:
a named character, ignoring high-order bit
c printable character or backslash escape
Traditional format specifications may be intermixed; they accumulate:
-a same as -t a, select named characters, ignoring high-order bit
-b same as -t o1, select octal bytes
-c same as -t c, select printable characters or backslash escapes
-d same as -t u2, select unsigned decimal 2-byte units
--check-order check that the input is correctly sorted, even
if all input lines are pairable
--nocheck-order do not check that the input is correctly sorted
( EXPRESSION ) EXPRESSION is true
! EXPRESSION EXPRESSION is false
EXPRESSION1 -a EXPRESSION2 both EXPRESSION1 and EXPRESSION2 are true
EXPRESSION1 -o EXPRESSION2 either EXPRESSION1 or EXPRESSION2 is true
-1 suppress column 1 (lines unique to FILE1)
-2 suppress column 2 (lines unique to FILE2)
-3 suppress column 3 (lines that appear in both files)
-A, --show-all equivalent to -vET
-b, --number-nonblank number nonempty output lines, overrides -n
-e equivalent to -vE
-E, --show-ends display $ at end of each line
-n, --number number all output lines
-s, --squeeze-blank suppress repeated empty output lines
-a, --all same as -b -d --login -p -r -t -T -u
-b, --boot time of last system boot
-d, --dead print dead processes
-H, --heading print line of column headings
-b FILE FILE exists and is block special
-c FILE FILE exists and is character special
-d FILE FILE exists and is a directory
-e FILE FILE exists
-l produce long format output for the specified USERs
-b omit the user's home directory and shell in long format
-h omit the user's project file in long format
-p omit the user's plan file in long format
-s do short format output, this is the default
-n STRING the length of STRING is nonzero
STRING equivalent to -n STRING
-z STRING the length of STRING is zero
STRING1 = STRING2 the strings are equal
STRING1 != STRING2 the strings are not equal
-r use BSD sum algorithm (the default), use 1K blocks
-s, --sysv use System V sum algorithm, use 512 bytes blocks
ARG1 * ARG2 arithmetic product of ARG1 and ARG2
ARG1 / ARG2 arithmetic quotient of ARG1 divided by ARG2
ARG1 % ARG2 arithmetic remainder of ARG1 divided by ARG2
ARG1 + ARG2 arithmetic sum of ARG1 and ARG2
ARG1 - ARG2 arithmetic difference of ARG1 and ARG2
ARG1 < ARG2 ARG1 is less than ARG2
ARG1 <= ARG2 ARG1 is less than or equal to ARG2
ARG1 = ARG2 ARG1 is equal to ARG2
ARG1 != ARG2 ARG1 is unequal to ARG2
ARG1 >= ARG2 ARG1 is greater than or equal to ARG2
ARG1 > ARG2 ARG1 is greater than ARG2
FILE1 -ef FILE2 FILE1 and FILE2 have the same device and inode numbers
FILE1 -nt FILE2 FILE1 is newer (modification date) than FILE2
FILE1 -ot FILE2 FILE1 is older than FILE2
INTEGER1 -eq INTEGER2 INTEGER1 is equal to INTEGER2
INTEGER1 -ge INTEGER2 INTEGER1 is greater than or equal to INTEGER2
INTEGER1 -gt INTEGER2 INTEGER1 is greater than INTEGER2
INTEGER1 -le INTEGER2 INTEGER1 is less than or equal to INTEGER2
INTEGER1 -lt INTEGER2 INTEGER1 is less than INTEGER2
INTEGER1 -ne INTEGER2 INTEGER1 is not equal to INTEGER2
STRING : REGEXP anchored pattern match of REGEXP in STRING
match STRING REGEXP same as STRING : REGEXP
substr STRING POS LENGTH substring of STRING, POS counted from 1
index STRING CHARS index in STRING where any CHARS is found, or 0
length STRING length of STRING
b create a block (buffered) special file
c, u create a character (unbuffered) special file
p create a FIFO
%s online help: <%s>
--terse is equivalent to the following FORMAT:
%s
A field is a run of blanks (usually spaces and/or TABs), then non-blank
characters. Fields are skipped before chars.
A lightweight 'finger' program; print user information.
The utmp file will be %s.
A mere - implies -i. If no COMMAND, print the resulting environment.
Adding a z suffix to any type displays printable characters at the end of
each output line.
After any flags comes an optional field width, as a decimal number;
then an optional modifier, which is either
E to use the locale's alternate representations if available, or
O to use the locale's alternate numeric symbols if available.
An omitted EXPRESSION defaults to false. Otherwise,
EXPRESSION is true or false and sets exit status. It is one of:
As a special case, cp makes a backup of SOURCE when the force and backup
options are given and SOURCE and DEST are the same name for an existing,
regular file.
Beware that many operators need to be escaped or quoted for shells.
Comparisons are arithmetic if both ARGs are numbers, else lexicographical.
Pattern matches return the string matched between \( and \) or null; if
\( and \) are not used, they return the number of characters matched or 0.
Both MAJOR and MINOR must be specified when TYPE is b, c, or u, and they
must be omitted when TYPE is p. If MAJOR or MINOR begins with 0x or 0X,
it is interpreted as hexadecimal; otherwise, if it begins with 0, as octal;
otherwise, as decimal. TYPE may be:
By default, rm does not remove directories. Use the --recursive (-r or -R)
option to remove each listed directory, too, along with all of its contents.
By default, sparse SOURCE files are detected by a crude heuristic and the
corresponding DEST file is made sparse as well. That is the behavior
selected by --sparse=auto. Specify --sparse=always to create a sparse DEST
file whenever the SOURCE file contains a long enough sequence of zero bytes.
Use --sparse=never to inhibit creation of sparse files.
CHUNKS may be:
N split into N files based on size of input
K/N output Kth of N to stdout
l/N split into N files without splitting lines/records
l/K/N output Kth of N to stdout without splitting lines/records
r/N like 'l' but use round robin distribution
r/K/N likewise but only output Kth of N to stdout
Combination settings:
Control settings:
[-]clocal disable modem control signals
[-]cread allow input to be received
DURATION is a floating point number with an optional suffix:
's' for seconds (the default), 'm' for minutes, 'h' for hours or 'd' for days.
A duration of 0 disables the associated timeout.
Default options are: -bt -d'\:' -fn -hn -i1 -l1 -n'rn' -s<TAB> -v1 -w6
CC are two delimiter characters used to construct logical page delimiters;
a missing second character implies ':'. As a GNU extension one can specify
more than two characters, and also specifying the empty string (-d '')
disables section matching.
Delete FILE(s) if --remove (-u) is specified. The default is not to remove
the files because it is common to operate on device files like /dev/hda,
and those files usually should not be removed.
The optional HOW parameter indicates how to remove a directory entry:
'unlink' => use a standard unlink call.
'wipe' => also first obfuscate bytes in the name.
'wipesync' => also sync each obfuscated byte to the device.
The default mode is 'wipesync', but note it can be expensive.
Display values are in units of the first available SIZE from --block-size,
and the %s_BLOCK_SIZE, BLOCK_SIZE and BLOCKSIZE environment variables.
Otherwise, units default to 1024 bytes (or 512 if POSIXLY_CORRECT is set).
Each FLAG symbol may be:
append append mode (makes sense only for output; conv=notrunc suggested)
Each MODE is of the form '[ugoa]*([-+=]([rwxXst]*|[ugo]))+|[-+=][0-7]+'.
Examples:
$ %s --to=si 1000
-> "1.0K"
$ %s --to=iec 2048
-> "2.0K"
$ %s --to=iec-i 4096
-> "4.0Ki"
$ echo 1K | %s --from=si
-> "1000"
$ echo 1K | %s --from=iec
-> "1024"
$ df -B1 | %s --header --field 2-4 --to=si
$ ls -l | %s --header --field 5 --to=iec
$ ls -lh | %s --header --field 5 --from=iec --padding=10
$ ls -lh | %s --header --field 5 --from=iec --format %%10f
Examples:
%s -12 file1 file2 Print only lines present in both file1 and file2.
%s -3 file1 file2 Print lines in file1 not in file2, and vice versa.
Examples:
%s /usr/bin/ -> "/usr"
%s dir1/str dir2/str -> "dir1" followed by "dir2"
%s stdio.h -> "."
Examples:
%s /usr/bin/sort -> "sort"
%s include/stdio.h .h -> "stdio"
%s -s .h include/stdio.h -> "stdio"
%s -a any/str1 any/str2 -> "str1" followed by "str2"
Examples:
%s f - g Output f's contents, then standard input, then g's contents.
%s Copy standard input to standard output.
Examples:
%s root /u Change the owner of /u to "root".
%s root:staff /u Likewise, but also change its group to "staff".
%s -hR root /u Change the owner of /u and subfiles to "root".
Examples:
%s staff /u Change the group of /u to "staff".
%s -hR staff /u Change the group of /u and subfiles to "staff".
Examples:
Convert seconds since the Epoch (1970-01-01 UTC) to a date
$ date --date='@2147483647'
Show the time on the west coast of the US (use tzselect(1) to find TZ)
$ TZ='America/Los_Angeles' date
Show the local time for 9AM next Friday on the west coast of the US
$ date --date='TZ="America/Los_Angeles" 09:00 next Fri'
Except for -h and -L, all FILE-related tests dereference symbolic links.
Beware that parentheses need to be escaped (e.g., by backslashes) for shells.
INTEGER may also be -l STRING, which evaluates to the length of STRING.
Exit status is 0 if EXPRESSION is neither null nor 0, 1 if EXPRESSION is null
or 0, 2 if EXPRESSION is syntactically invalid, and 3 if an error occurred.
Exit status is 0 if all input numbers were successfully converted.
By default, %s will stop at the first conversion error with exit status 2.
With --invalid='fail' a warning is printed for each conversion error
and the exit status is 2. With --invalid='warn' each conversion error is
diagnosed, but the exit status is 0. With --invalid='ignore' conversion
errors are not diagnosed and the exit status is 0.
Exit status:
0 if OK,
1 if minor problems (e.g., cannot access subdirectory),
2 if serious trouble (e.g., cannot access command-line argument).
FIELDS supports cut(1) style field ranges:
N N'th field, counted from 1
N- from N'th field, to end of line
N-M from N'th to M'th field (inclusive)
-M from first to M'th field (inclusive)
- all fields
Multiple fields/ranges can be separated with commas
FIELD_LIST is a comma-separated list of columns to be included. Valid
field names are: 'source', 'fstype', 'itotal', 'iused', 'iavail', 'ipcent',
'size', 'used', 'avail', 'pcent', 'file' and 'target' (see info page).
FORMAT controls the output as in C printf. Interpreted sequences are:
\" double quote
FORMAT controls the output. Interpreted sequences are:
%% a literal %
%a locale's abbreviated weekday name (e.g., Sun)
FORMAT is one of:
ln left justified, no leading zeros
rn right justified, no leading zeros
rz right justified, leading zeros
FORMAT must be suitable for printing one floating-point argument '%f'.
Optional quote (%'f) will enable --grouping (if supported by current locale).
Optional width value (%10f) will pad output. Optional zero (%010f) width
will zero pad the number. Optional negative values (%-10f) will left align.
Optional precision (%.1f) will override the input determined precision.
Handle the tty line connected to standard input. Without arguments,
prints baud rate, line discipline, and deviations from stty sane. In
settings, CHAR is taken literally, or coded as in ^c, 0x37, 0177 or
127; special values ^- or undef used to disable special characters.
If -e is in effect, the following sequences are recognized:
If FILE is -, shred standard output.
If FILE is not specified, use %s. %s as FILE is common.
If ARG1 ARG2 given, -m presumed: 'am i' or 'mom likes' are usual.
If FILE is specified, read it to determine which colors to use for which
file types and extensions. Otherwise, a precompiled database is used.
For details on the format of these files, run 'dircolors --print-database'.
If FIRST or INCREMENT is omitted, it defaults to 1. That is, an
omitted INCREMENT defaults to 1 even when LAST is smaller than FIRST.
The sequence of numbers ends when the sum of the current number and
INCREMENT would become greater than LAST.
FIRST, INCREMENT, and LAST are interpreted as floating point values.
INCREMENT is usually positive if FIRST is smaller than LAST, and
INCREMENT is usually negative if FIRST is greater than LAST.
INCREMENT must not be 0; none of FIRST, INCREMENT and LAST may be NaN.
If MODE is '0' the corresponding stream will be unbuffered.
If MODE is 'L' the corresponding stream will be line buffered.
This option is invalid with standard input.
If first and second call formats both apply, the second format is assumed
if the last operand begins with + or (if there are 2 operands) a digit.
An OFFSET operand means -j OFFSET. LABEL is the pseudo-address
at first byte printed, incremented when dump is progressing.
For OFFSET and LABEL, a 0x or 0X prefix indicates hexadecimal;
suffixes may be . for octal and b for multiply by 512.
If no command is given, run '"$SHELL" -i' (default: '/bin/sh -i').
If no option is specified, -P is assumed.
If standard input is a terminal, redirect it from an unreadable file.
If standard output is a terminal, append output to 'nohup.out' if possible,
'$HOME/nohup.out' otherwise.
If standard error is a terminal, redirect it to standard output.
To save output to FILE, use '%s COMMAND > FILE'.
Input settings:
[-]brkint breaks cause an interrupt signal
[-]icrnl translate carriage return to newline
[-]ignbrk ignore break characters
[-]igncr ignore carriage return
[-]ignpar ignore characters with parity errors
KEYDEF is F[.C][OPTS][,F[.C][OPTS]] for start and stop position, where F is a
field number and C a character position in the field; both are origin 1, and
the stop position defaults to the line's end. If neither -t nor -b is in
effect, characters in a field are counted from the beginning of the preceding
whitespace. OPTS is one or more single-letter ordering options [bdfgiMhnRrV],
which override global ordering options for that key. If no key is given, use
the entire line as the key. Use --debug to diagnose incorrect key usage.
SIZE may be followed by the following multiplicative suffixes:
Local settings:
[-]crterase echo erase characters as backspace-space-backspace
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
NOTE: Binary -a and -o are inherently ambiguous. Use 'test EXPR1 && test
EXPR2' or 'test EXPR1 || test EXPR2' instead.
NOTE: If COMMAND adjusts the buffering of its standard streams ('tee' does
for example) then that will override corresponding changes by 'stdbuf'.
Also some filters (like 'dd' and 'cat' etc.) don't use streams for I/O,
and are thus unaffected by 'stdbuf' settings.
NOTE: [ honors the --help and --version options, but test does not.
test treats each of those as it treats any other nonempty STRING.
NOTE: your shell may have its own version of %s, which usually supersedes
the version described here. Please refer to your shell's documentation
for details about the options it supports.
Note that if you use rm to remove a file, it might be possible to recover
some of its contents, given sufficient expertise and/or time. For greater
assurance that the contents are truly unrecoverable, consider using shred(1).
Note that the -d and -t options accept different time-date formats.
Note, comparisons honor the rules specified by 'LC_COLLATE'.
Note: 'uniq' does not detect repeated lines unless they are adjacent.
You may want to sort the input first, or use 'sort -u' without 'uniq'.
Optional - before SETTING indicates negation. An * marks non-POSIX
settings. The underlying system defines which settings are available.
Output settings:
Owner is unchanged if missing. Group is unchanged if missing, but changed
to login group if implied by a ':' following a symbolic OWNER.
OWNER and GROUP may be numeric as well as symbolic.
Print the value of EXPRESSION to standard output. A blank line below
separates increasing precedence groups. EXPRESSION may be:
ARG1 | ARG2 ARG1 if it is neither null nor 0, otherwise ARG2
ARG1 & ARG2 ARG1 if neither argument is null or 0, otherwise 0
Read standard input if FILE is -
SIGNAL may be a signal name like 'HUP', or a signal number like '1',
or the exit status of a process terminated by a signal.
PID is an integer; if negative it identifies a process group.
SIZE is a number. For TYPE in [doux], SIZE may also be C for
sizeof(char), S for sizeof(short), I for sizeof(int) or L for
sizeof(long). If TYPE is f, SIZE may also be F for sizeof(float), D
for sizeof(double) or L for sizeof(long double).
SIZE may also be prefixed by one of the following modifying characters:
'+' extend by, '-' reduce by, '<' at most, '>' at least,
'/' round down to multiple of, '%' round up to multiple of.
STYLE is one of:
a number all lines
t number only nonempty lines
n number no lines
pBRE number only lines that contain a match for the basic regular
expression, BRE
Sending a %s signal to a running 'dd' process makes it
print I/O statistics to standard error and then resume copying.
Options are:
Special characters:
Special settings:
N set the input and output speeds to N bauds
The MODE argument of --cached can be: always, never, or default.
'always' will use cached attributes if available, while
'never' will try to synchronize with the latest attributes, and
'default' will leave it up to the underlying file system.
The TIME_STYLE argument can be full-iso, long-iso, iso, locale, or +FORMAT.
FORMAT is interpreted like in date(1). If FORMAT is FORMAT1<newline>FORMAT2,
then FORMAT1 applies to non-recent files and FORMAT2 to recent files.
TIME_STYLE prefixed with 'posix-' takes effect only outside the POSIX locale.
Also the TIME_STYLE environment variable sets the default style to use.
The backup suffix is '~', unless set with --suffix or SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX.
The version control method may be selected via the --backup option or through
the VERSION_CONTROL environment variable. Here are the values:
The data are encoded as described for the %s alphabet in RFC 4648.
When decoding, the input may contain newlines in addition to the bytes of
the formal %s alphabet. Use --ignore-garbage to attempt to recover
from any other non-alphabet bytes in the encoded stream.
The following five options are useful only when verifying checksums:
--ignore-missing don't fail or report status for missing files
--quiet don't print OK for each successfully verified file
--status don't output anything, status code shows success
--strict exit non-zero for improperly formatted checksum lines
-w, --warn warn about improperly formatted checksum lines
The following options modify how a hierarchy is traversed when the -R
option is also specified. If more than one is specified, only the final
one takes effect.
-H if a command line argument is a symbolic link
to a directory, traverse it
-L traverse every symbolic link to a directory
encountered
-P do not traverse any symbolic links (default)
The options below may be used to select which counts are printed, always in
the following order: newline, word, character, byte, maximum line length.
-c, --bytes print the byte counts
-m, --chars print the character counts
-l, --lines print the newline counts
The sums are computed as described in %s.
The valid format sequences for files (without --file-system):
%a permission bits in octal (note '#' and '0' printf flags)
%A permission bits and file type in human readable form
%b number of blocks allocated (see %B)
%B the size in bytes of each block reported by %b
%C SELinux security context string
This install program copies files (often just compiled) into destination
locations you choose. If you want to download and install a ready-to-use
package on a GNU/Linux system, you should instead be using a package manager
like yum(1) or apt-get(1).
In the first three forms, copy SOURCE to DEST or multiple SOURCE(s) to
the existing DIRECTORY, while setting permission modes and owner/group.
In the 4th form, create all components of the given DIRECTORY(ies).
To remove a file whose name starts with a '-', for example '-foo',
use one of these commands:
%s -- -foo
%s ./-foo
UNIT options:
Unless -t CHAR is given, leading blanks separate fields and are ignored,
else fields are separated by CHAR. Any FIELD is a field number counted
from 1. FORMAT is one or more comma or blank separated specifications,
each being 'FILENUM.FIELD' or '0'. Default FORMAT outputs the join field,
the remaining fields from FILE1, the remaining fields from FILE2, all
separated by CHAR. If FORMAT is the keyword 'auto', then the first
line of each file determines the number of fields output for each line.
Important: FILE1 and FILE2 must be sorted on the join fields.
E.g., use "sort -k 1b,1" if 'join' has no options,
or use "join -t ''" if 'sort' has no options.
Note, comparisons honor the rules specified by 'LC_COLLATE'.
If the input is not sorted and some lines cannot be joined, a
warning message will be given.
Upon timeout, send the TERM signal to COMMAND, if no other SIGNAL specified.
The TERM signal kills any process that does not block or catch that signal.
It may be necessary to use the KILL signal, since this signal can't be caught.
Use one, and only one of -b, -c or -f. Each LIST is made up of one
range, or many ranges separated by commas. Selected input is written
in the same order that it is read, and is written exactly once.
Use: '%s --coreutils-prog=PROGRAM_NAME --help' for individual program help.
Using -s ignores -L and -P. Otherwise, the last option specified controls
behavior when a TARGET is a symbolic link, defaulting to %s.
When --reflink[=always] is specified, perform a lightweight copy, where the
data blocks are copied only when modified. If this is not possible the copy
fails, or if --reflink=auto is specified, fall back to a standard copy.
Use --reflink=never to ensure a standard copy is performed.
When FILE1 or FILE2 (not both) is -, read standard input.
When decoding, the input may contain newlines in addition to the bytes of
the formal alphabet. Use --ignore-garbage to attempt to recover
from any other non-alphabet bytes in the encoded stream.
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.
With no options, produce three-column output. Column one contains
lines unique to FILE1, column two contains lines unique to FILE2,
and column three contains lines common to both files.
Without any OPTION, print some useful set of identified information.
Write an unambiguous representation, octal bytes by default,
of FILE to standard output. With more than one FILE argument,
concatenate them in the listed order to form the input.
(useful only on systems that can change the
ownership of a symlink)
The last specified position can be prefixed with '/'
to specify a tab size to use after the last
explicitly specified tab stop. Also a prefix of '+'
can be used to align remaining tab stops relative to
the last specified tab stop instead of the first column
??? --all print the number of installed processors
--ignore=N if possible, exclude N processing units
--backup[=CONTROL] make a backup of each existing destination file
-b like --backup but does not accept an argument
-d, -F, --directory allow the superuser to attempt to hard link
directories (note: will probably fail due to
system restrictions, even for the superuser)
-f, --force remove existing destination files
--base16 hex encoding (RFC4648 section 8)
--base2lsbf bit string with least significant bit (lsb) first
--base2msbf bit string with most significant bit (msb) first
--base32 same as 'base32' program (RFC4648 section 6)
--base32hex extended hex alphabet base32 (RFC4648 section 7)
--base64 same as 'base64' program (RFC4648 section 4)
--base64url file- and url-safe base64 (RFC4648 section 5)
--batch-size=NMERGE merge at most NMERGE inputs at once;
for more use temp files
--block-signal[=SIG] block delivery of SIG signal(s) to COMMAND
--cached=MODE specify how to use cached attributes;
useful on remote file systems. See MODE below
--complement complement the set of selected bytes, characters
or fields
--debug annotate the parsed date,
and warn about questionable usage to stderr
--debug annotate the part of the line used to sort,
and warn about questionable usage to stderr
--files0-from=F read input from the files specified by
NUL-terminated names in file F;
If F is - then read names from standard input
--debug indicate which implementation used
--debug print warnings about invalid input
--default-signal[=SIG] reset handling of SIG signal(s) to the default
--dereference affect the referent of each symbolic link (this is
the default), rather than the symbolic link itself
-h, --no-dereference affect symbolic links instead of any referenced file
--field=FIELDS replace the numbers in these input fields (default=1);
see FIELDS below
--files0-from=F read input from the files specified by
NUL-terminated names in file F;
If F is - then read names from standard input
-L, --max-line-length print the maximum display width
-w, --words print the word counts
--files0-from=F summarize device usage of the
NUL-terminated file names specified in file F;
if F is -, then read names from standard input
-H equivalent to --dereference-args (-D)
-h, --human-readable print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)
--inodes list inode usage information instead of block usage
--format=FORMAT use printf style floating-point FORMAT;
see FORMAT below for details
--from-unit=N specify the input unit size (instead of the default 1)
--from=CURRENT_OWNER:CURRENT_GROUP
change the owner and/or group of each file only if
its current owner and/or group match those specified
here. Either may be omitted, in which case a match
is not required for the omitted attribute
--from=UNIT auto-scale input numbers to UNITs; default is 'none';
see UNIT below
--group[=METHOD] show all items, separating groups with an empty line;
METHOD={separate(default),prepend,append,both}
--grouping use locale-defined grouping of digits, e.g. 1,000,000
(which means it has no effect in the C/POSIX locale)
--groups=G_LIST specify supplementary groups as g1,g2,..,gN
--header[=N] print (without converting) the first N header lines;
N defaults to 1 if not specified
--ignore-signal[=SIG] set handling of SIG signal(s) to do nothing
--invalid=MODE failure mode for invalid numbers: MODE can be:
abort (default), fail, warn, ignore
--list-signal-handling list non default signal handling to stderr
--lookup attempt to canonicalize hostnames via DNS
-m only hostname and user associated with stdin
-p, --process print active processes spawned by init
--no-preserve-root do not treat '/' specially
--preserve-root[=all] do not remove '/' (default);
with 'all', reject any command line argument
on a separate device from its parent
--no-preserve-root do not treat '/' specially (the default)
--preserve-root fail to operate recursively on '/'
--no-preserve=ATTR_LIST don't preserve the specified attributes
--parents use full source file name under DIRECTORY
--one-file-system when removing a hierarchy recursively, skip any
directory that is on a file system different from
that of the corresponding command line argument
--output-delimiter=STR separate columns with STR
--output[=FIELD_LIST] use the output format defined by FIELD_LIST,
or print all fields if FIELD_LIST is omitted.
-P, --portability use the POSIX output format
--sync invoke sync before getting usage info
--padding=N pad the output to N characters; positive N will
right-align; negative N will left-align;
padding is ignored if the output is wider than N;
the default is to automatically pad if a whitespace
is found
--pid=PID with -f, terminate after process ID, PID dies
-q, --quiet, --silent never output headers giving file names
--retry keep trying to open a file if it is inaccessible
--preserve-context preserve SELinux security context
-Z set SELinux security context of destination
file and each created directory to default type
--context[=CTX] like -Z, or if CTX is specified then set the
SELinux or SMACK security context to CTX
--preserve-status
exit with the same status as COMMAND, even when the
command times out
--foreground
when not running timeout directly from a shell prompt,
allow COMMAND to read from the TTY and get TTY signals;
in this mode, children of COMMAND will not be timed out
-k, --kill-after=DURATION
also send a KILL signal if COMMAND is still running
this long after the initial signal was sent
-s, --signal=SIGNAL
specify the signal to be sent on timeout;
SIGNAL may be a name like 'HUP' or a number;
see 'kill -l' for a list of signals
--reference=RFILE use RFILE's security context rather than specifying
a CONTEXT value
--rfc-3339=FMT output date/time in RFC 3339 format.
FMT='date', 'seconds', or 'ns'
for date and time to the indicated precision.
Example: 2006-08-14 02:34:56-06:00
--round=METHOD use METHOD for rounding when scaling; METHOD can be:
up, down, from-zero (default), towards-zero, nearest
--skip-chdir do not change working directory to %s
--sort=WORD sort according to WORD:
general-numeric -g, human-numeric -h, month -M,
numeric -n, random -R, version -V
-V, --version-sort natural sort of (version) numbers within text
--sparse=WHEN control creation of sparse files. See below
--strip-trailing-slashes remove any trailing slashes from each SOURCE
argument
--suffix=SUFF append SUFF to TEMPLATE; SUFF must not contain a slash.
This option is implied if TEMPLATE does not end in X
--suffix=SUFFIX add SUFFIX to output numbers, and accept optional
SUFFIX in input numbers
--suppress-matched suppress the lines matching PATTERN
--tag create a BSD-style checksum
--tag create a BSD-style checksum (the default)
--to-unit=N the output unit size (instead of the default 1)
--to=UNIT auto-scale output numbers to UNITs; see UNIT below
--total output a summary
--total elide all entries insignificant to available space,
and produce a grand total
--untagged create a reversed style checksum, without digest type
--userspec=USER:GROUP specify user and group (ID or name) to use
--verbose print a diagnostic just before each
output file is opened
--z85 ascii85-like encoding (ZeroMQ spec:32/Z85);
when encoding, input length must be a multiple of 4;
when decoding, input length must be a multiple of 5
[-]cstopb use two stop bits per character (one with '-')
[-]hup send a hangup signal when the last process closes the tty
[-]hupcl same as [-]hup
[-]parenb generate parity bit in output and expect parity bit in input
[-]parodd set odd parity (or even parity with '-')
[-]echo echo input characters
[-]echoe same as [-]crterase
[-]echok echo a newline after a kill character
[-]echonl echo newline even if not echoing other characters
[-]icanon enable special characters: %s
[-]iexten enable non-POSIX special characters
[-]inlcr translate newline to carriage return
[-]inpck enable input parity checking
[-]istrip clear high (8th) bit of input characters
[-]isig enable interrupt, quit, and suspend special characters
[-]noflsh disable flushing after interrupt and quit special characters
[-]ixoff enable sending of start/stop characters
[-]ixon enable XON/XOFF flow control
[-]parmrk mark parity errors (with a 255-0-character sequence)
[-]tandem same as [-]ixoff
[-]opost postprocess output
cbreak same as -icanon
-cbreak same as icanon
cooked same as brkint ignpar istrip icrnl ixon opost isig
icanon, eof and eol characters to their default values
-cooked same as raw
crt same as %s
csN set character size to N bits, N in [5..8]
dec same as %s intr ^c erase 0177
kill ^u
ek erase and kill characters to their default values
evenp same as parenb -parodd cs7
-evenp same as -parenb cs8
eof CHAR CHAR will send an end of file (terminate the input)
eol CHAR CHAR will end the line
erase CHAR CHAR will erase the last character typed
intr CHAR CHAR will send an interrupt signal
kill CHAR CHAR will erase the current line
ispeed N set the input speed to N
litout same as -parenb -istrip -opost cs8
-litout same as parenb istrip opost cs7
min N with -icanon, set N characters minimum for a completed read
ospeed N set the output speed to N
nl same as %s
-nl same as %s
oddp same as parenb parodd cs7
-oddp same as -parenb cs8
[-]parity same as [-]evenp
pass8 same as -parenb -istrip cs8
-pass8 same as parenb istrip cs7
quit CHAR CHAR will send a quit signal
raw same as -ignbrk -brkint -ignpar -parmrk -inpck -istrip
-inlcr -igncr -icrnl -ixon -ixoff -icanon -opost
-isig%s min 1 time 0
-raw same as cooked
sane same as cread -ignbrk brkint -inlcr -igncr icrnl
icanon iexten echo echoe echok -echonl -noflsh
%s
%s
%s,
all special characters to their default values
speed print the terminal speed
time N with -icanon, set read timeout of N tenths of a second
start CHAR CHAR will restart the output after stopping it
stop CHAR CHAR will stop the output
susp CHAR CHAR will send a terminal stop signal
%% a single %
%b ARGUMENT as a string with '\' escapes interpreted,
except that octal escapes are of the form \0 or \0NNN
%q ARGUMENT is printed in a format that can be reused as shell input,
escaping non-printable characters with the proposed POSIX $'' syntax.
and all C format specifications ending with one of diouxXfeEgGcs, with
ARGUMENTs converted to proper type first. Variable widths are handled.
%A locale's full weekday name (e.g., Sunday)
%b locale's abbreviated month name (e.g., Jan)
%B locale's full month name (e.g., January)
%c locale's date and time (e.g., Thu Mar 3 23:05:25 2005)
%C century; like %Y, except omit last two digits (e.g., 20)
%d day of month (e.g., 01)
%D date; same as %m/%d/%y
%e day of month, space padded; same as %_d
%F full date; like %+4Y-%m-%d
%g last two digits of year of ISO week number (see %G)
%G year of ISO week number (see %V); normally useful only with %V
%S second (00..60)
%t a tab
%T time; same as %H:%M:%S
%u day of week (1..7); 1 is Monday
%U week number of year, with Sunday as first day of week (00..53)
%V ISO week number, with Monday as first day of week (01..53)
%w day of week (0..6); 0 is Sunday
%W week number of year, with Monday as first day of week (00..53)
%d device number in decimal (st_dev)
%D device number in hex (st_dev)
%Hd major device number in decimal
%Ld minor device number in decimal
%f raw mode in hex
%F file type
%g group ID of owner
%G group name of owner
%h number of hard links
%i inode number
%m mount point
%n file name
%N quoted file name with dereference if symbolic link
%o optimal I/O transfer size hint
%s total size, in bytes
%r device type in decimal (st_rdev)
%R device type in hex (st_rdev)
%Hr major device type in decimal, for character/block device special files
%Lr minor device type in decimal, for character/block device special files
%t major device type in hex, for character/block device special files
%T minor device type in hex, for character/block device special files
%h same as %b
%H hour (00..23)
%I hour (01..12)
%j day of year (001..366)
%i file system ID in hex
%l maximum length of filenames
%n file name
%s block size (for faster transfers)
%S fundamental block size (for block counts)
%t file system type in hex
%T file system type in human readable form
%k hour, space padded ( 0..23); same as %_H
%l hour, space padded ( 1..12); same as %_I
%m month (01..12)
%M minute (00..59)
%n a newline
%N nanoseconds (000000000..999999999)
%p locale's equivalent of either AM or PM; blank if not known
%P like %p, but lower case
%q quarter of year (1..4)
%r locale's 12-hour clock time (e.g., 11:11:04 PM)
%R 24-hour hour and minute; same as %H:%M
%s seconds since the Epoch (1970-01-01 00:00 UTC)
%u user ID of owner
%U user name of owner
%w time of file birth, human-readable; - if unknown
%W time of file birth, seconds since Epoch; 0 if unknown
%x time of last access, human-readable
%X time of last access, seconds since Epoch
%y time of last data modification, human-readable
%Y time of last data modification, seconds since Epoch
%z time of last status change, human-readable
%Z time of last status change, seconds since Epoch
%x locale's date representation (e.g., 12/31/99)
%X locale's time representation (e.g., 23:13:48)
%y last two digits of year (00..99)
%Y year
%z +hhmm numeric time zone (e.g., -0400)
%:z +hh:mm numeric time zone (e.g., -04:00)
%::z +hh:mm:ss numeric time zone (e.g., -04:00:00)
%:::z numeric time zone with : to necessary precision (e.g., -04, +05:30)
%Z alphabetic time zone abbreviation (e.g., EDT)
By default, date pads numeric fields with zeroes.
+ TOKEN interpret TOKEN as a string, even if it is a
keyword like 'match' or an operator like '/'
( EXPRESSION ) value of EXPRESSION
+FIRST_PAGE[:LAST_PAGE], --pages=FIRST_PAGE[:LAST_PAGE]
begin [stop] printing with page FIRST_[LAST_]PAGE
-COLUMN, --columns=COLUMN
output COLUMN columns and print columns down,
unless -a is used. Balance number of lines in the
columns on each page
- +FORMAT (e.g., +%H:%M) for a 'date'-style format
-0, --null end each output line with NUL, not newline
-a, --all write counts for all files, not just directories
--apparent-size print apparent sizes rather than device usage; although
the apparent size is usually smaller, it may be
larger due to holes in ('sparse') files, internal
fragmentation, indirect blocks, and the like
-0, --null end each output line with NUL, not newline
-A, --address-radix=RADIX output format for file offsets; RADIX is one
of [doxn], for Decimal, Octal, Hex or None
--endian={big|little} swap input bytes according the specified order
-j, --skip-bytes=BYTES skip BYTES input bytes first
-A, --auto-reference output automatically generated references
-G, --traditional behave more like System V 'ptx'
-B, --block-size=SIZE scale sizes by SIZE before printing them; e.g.,
'-BM' prints sizes in units of 1,048,576 bytes;
see SIZE format below
-b, --bytes equivalent to '--apparent-size --block-size=1'
-c, --total produce a grand total
-D, --dereference-args dereference only symlinks that are listed on the
command line
-d, --max-depth=N print the total for a directory (or file, with --all)
only if it is N or fewer levels below the command
line argument; --max-depth=0 is the same as
--summarize
-C, --chdir=DIR change working directory to DIR
-D print all duplicate lines
--all-repeated[=METHOD] like -D, but allow separating groups
with an empty line;
METHOD={none(default),prepend,separate}
-D, --date-format=FORMAT
use FORMAT for the header date
-e[CHAR[WIDTH]], --expand-tabs[=CHAR[WIDTH]]
expand input CHARs (TABs) to tab WIDTH (8)
-F, -f, --form-feed
use form feeds instead of newlines to separate pages
(by a 3-line page header with -F or a 5-line header
and trailer without -F)
-F, --flag-truncation=STRING use STRING for flagging line truncations.
The default is '/'
-G, --no-group in a long listing, don't print group names
-I prompt once before removing more than three files, or
when removing recursively; less intrusive than -i,
while still giving protection against most mistakes
--interactive[=WHEN] prompt according to WHEN: never, once (-I), or
always (-i); without WHEN, prompt always
-I[FMT], --iso-8601[=FMT] output date/time in ISO 8601 format.
FMT='date' for date only (the default),
'hours', 'minutes', 'seconds', or 'ns'
for date and time to the indicated precision.
Example: 2006-08-14T02:34:56-06:00
-L, --dereference follow links
-f, --file-system display file system status instead of file status
-L, --logical use PWD from environment, even if it contains symlinks
-P, --physical avoid all symlinks
-M, --macro-name=STRING macro name to use instead of 'xx'
-O, --format=roff generate output as roff directives
-R, --right-side-refs put references at right, not counted in -w
-S, --sentence-regexp=REGEXP for end of lines or end of sentences
-T, --format=tex generate output as TeX directives
-P, --no-dereference don't follow any symbolic links (this is the default)
-S, --separate-dirs for directories do not include size of subdirectories
--si like -h, but use powers of 1000 not 1024
-s, --summarize display only a total for each argument
-R, --recursive change files and directories recursively
-R, --recursive operate on files and directories recursively
-R, --rfc-email output date and time in RFC 5322 format.
Example: Mon, 14 Aug 2006 02:34:56 -0600
-R, -r, --recursive copy directories recursively
--reflink[=WHEN] control clone/CoW copies. See below
--remove-destination remove each existing destination file before
attempting to open it (contrast with --force)
-S, --split-string=S process and split S into separate arguments;
used to pass multiple arguments on shebang lines
-S, --suffix=SUFFIX override the usual backup suffix
-t, --target-directory=DIRECTORY specify the DIRECTORY in which to create
the links
-T, --no-target-directory treat LINK_NAME as a normal file always
-v, --verbose print name of each linked file
-S[STRING], --sep-string[=STRING]
separate columns by STRING,
without -S: Default separator <TAB> with -J and <space>
otherwise (same as -S" "), no effect on column options
-T, --omit-pagination
omit page headers and trailers, eliminate any pagination
by form feeds set in input files
-v, --show-nonprinting
use octal backslash notation
-w, --width=PAGE_WIDTH
set page width to PAGE_WIDTH (72) characters for
multiple text-column output only, -s[char] turns off (72)
-T, -w, --mesg add user's message status as +, - or ?
-u, --users list users logged in
--message same as -T
--writable same as -T
-W, --page-width=PAGE_WIDTH
set page width to PAGE_WIDTH (72) characters always,
truncate lines, except -J option is set, no interference
with -S or -s
-W, --word-regexp=REGEXP use REGEXP to match each keyword
-b, --break-file=FILE word break characters in this FILE
-f, --ignore-case fold lower case to upper case for sorting
-g, --gap-size=NUMBER gap size in columns between output fields
-i, --ignore-file=FILE read ignore word list from FILE
-o, --only-file=FILE read only word list from this FILE
-X, --exclude-from=FILE exclude files that match any pattern in FILE
--exclude=PATTERN exclude files that match PATTERN
-x, --one-file-system skip directories on different file systems
-Z set SELinux security context of destination
file to default type
--context[=CTX] like -Z, or if CTX is specified then set the
SELinux or SMACK security context to CTX
-Z set SELinux security context of each created directory
to the default type
--context[=CTX] like -Z, or if CTX is specified then set the SELinux
or SMACK security context to CTX
-Z set the SELinux security context to default type
--context[=CTX] like -Z, or if CTX is specified then set the SELinux
or SMACK security context to CTX
-a change only the access time
-c, --no-create do not create any files
-d, --date=STRING parse STRING and use it instead of current time
-f (ignored)
-a ignore, for compatibility with other versions
-Z, --context print only the security context of the process
-g, --group print only the effective group ID
-G, --groups print all group IDs
-n, --name print a name instead of a number, for -ugG
-r, --real print the real ID instead of the effective ID, with -ugG
-u, --user print only the effective user ID
-z, --zero delimit entries with NUL characters, not whitespace;
not permitted in default format
-a, --across print columns across rather than down, used together
with -COLUMN
-c, --show-control-chars
use hat notation (^G) and octal backslash notation
-d, --double-space
double space the output
-a, --algorithm=TYPE select the digest type to use. See DIGEST below.
-a, --all do not ignore entries starting with .
-A, --almost-all do not list implied . and ..
--author with -l, print the author of each file
-b, --escape print C-style escapes for nongraphic characters
-a, --all include pseudo, duplicate, inaccessible file systems
-B, --block-size=SIZE scale sizes by SIZE before printing them; e.g.,
'-BM' prints sizes in units of 1,048,576 bytes;
see SIZE format below
-h, --human-readable print sizes in powers of 1024 (e.g., 1023M)
-H, --si print sizes in powers of 1000 (e.g., 1.1G)
-a, --all print all current settings in human-readable form
-g, --save print all current settings in a stty-readable form
-F, --file=DEVICE open and use the specified DEVICE instead of stdin
-a, --all convert all blanks, instead of just initial blanks
--first-only convert only leading sequences of blanks (overrides -a)
-t, --tabs=N have tabs N characters apart instead of 8 (enables -a)
-a, --archive same as -dR --preserve=all
--attributes-only don't copy the file data, just the attributes
--backup[=CONTROL] make a backup of each existing destination file
-b like --backup but does not accept an argument
--copy-contents copy contents of special files when recursive
-d same as --no-dereference --preserve=links
-a, --multiple support multiple arguments and treat each as a NAME
-s, --suffix=SUFFIX remove a trailing SUFFIX; implies -a
-z, --zero end each output line with NUL, not newline
-a, --suffix-length=N generate suffixes of length N (default %d)
--additional-suffix=SUFFIX append an additional SUFFIX to file names
-b, --bytes=SIZE put SIZE bytes per output file
-C, --line-bytes=SIZE put at most SIZE bytes of records per output file
-d use numeric suffixes starting at 0, not alphabetic
--numeric-suffixes[=FROM] same as -d, but allow setting the start value
-x use hex suffixes starting at 0, not alphabetic
--hex-suffixes[=FROM] same as -x, but allow setting the start value
-e, --elide-empty-files do not generate empty output files with '-n'
--filter=COMMAND write to shell COMMAND; file name is $FILE
-l, --lines=NUMBER put NUMBER lines/records per output file
-n, --number=CHUNKS generate CHUNKS output files; see explanation below
-t, --separator=SEP use SEP instead of newline as the record separator;
'\0' (zero) specifies the NUL character
-u, --unbuffered immediately copy input to output with '-n r/...'
-b, --before attach the separator before instead of after
-r, --regex interpret the separator as a regular expression
-s, --separator=STRING use STRING as the separator instead of newline
-b, --binary read in binary mode
-b, --binary read in binary mode (default unless reading tty stdin)
-b, --body-numbering=STYLE use STYLE for numbering body lines
-d, --section-delimiter=CC use CC for logical page delimiters
-f, --footer-numbering=STYLE use STYLE for numbering footer lines
-b, --bytes count bytes rather than columns
-s, --spaces break at spaces
-w, --width=WIDTH use WIDTH columns instead of 80
-b, --bytes=LIST select only these bytes
-c, --characters=LIST select only these characters
-d, --delimiter=DELIM use DELIM instead of TAB for field delimiter
-b, --ignore-leading-blanks ignore leading blanks
-d, --dictionary-order consider only blanks and alphanumeric characters
-f, --ignore-case fold lower case to upper case characters
-b, --suffix-format=FORMAT use sprintf FORMAT instead of %02d
-f, --prefix=PREFIX use PREFIX instead of 'xx'
-k, --keep-files do not remove output files on errors
-c --format=FORMAT use the specified FORMAT instead of the default;
output a newline after each use of FORMAT
--printf=FORMAT like --format, but interpret backslash escapes,
and do not output a mandatory trailing newline;
if you want a newline, include \n in FORMAT
-t, --terse print the information in terse form
-c, --bytes=[+]NUM output the last NUM bytes; or use -c +NUM to
output starting with byte NUM of each file
-c, --bytes=[-]NUM print the first NUM bytes of each file;
with the leading '-', print all but the last
NUM bytes of each file
-n, --lines=[-]NUM print the first NUM lines instead of the first %d;
with the leading '-', print all but the last
NUM lines of each file
-c, --changes like verbose but report only when a change is made
-f, --silent, --quiet suppress most error messages
-v, --verbose output a diagnostic for every file processed
-c, --check read checksums from the FILEs and check them
-c, --check, --check=diagnose-first check for sorted input; do not sort
-C, --check=quiet, --check=silent like -c, but do not report first bad line
--compress-program=PROG compress temporaries with PROG;
decompress them with PROG -d
-c, --count prefix lines by the number of occurrences
-d, --repeated only print duplicate lines, one for each group
-c, --crown-margin preserve indentation of first two lines
-p, --prefix=STRING reformat only lines beginning with STRING,
reattaching the prefix to reformatted lines
-s, --split-only split long lines, but do not refill
-c, --no-create do not create any files
-d, --data sync only file data, no unneeded metadata
-d, --date=STRING display time described by STRING, not 'now'
-d, --decode decode data
-i, --ignore-garbage when decoding, ignore non-alphabet characters
-w, --wrap=COLS wrap encoded lines after COLS character (default 76).
Use 0 to disable line wrapping
-d, --delimiter=X use X instead of whitespace for field delimiter
-d, --delimiters=LIST reuse characters from LIST instead of TABs
-s, --serial paste one file at a time instead of in parallel
-d, --directory create a directory, not a file
-u, --dry-run do not create anything; merely print a name (unsafe)
-q, --quiet suppress diagnostics about file/dir-creation failure
-e enable interpretation of backslash escapes
-E disable interpretation of backslash escapes (default)
-e enable interpretation of backslash escapes (default)
-E disable interpretation of backslash escapes
-e, --canonicalize-existing all components of the path must exist
-m, --canonicalize-missing no path components need exist or be a directory
-L, --logical resolve '..' components before symlinks
-P, --physical resolve symlinks as encountered (default)
-q, --quiet suppress most error messages
--relative-to=DIR print the resolved path relative to DIR
--relative-base=DIR print absolute paths unless paths below DIR
-s, --strip, --no-symlinks don't expand symlinks
-z, --zero end each output line with NUL, not newline
-e, --echo treat each ARG as an input line
-i, --input-range=LO-HI treat each number LO through HI as an input line
-n, --head-count=COUNT output at most COUNT lines
-o, --output=FILE write result to FILE instead of standard output
--random-source=FILE get random bytes from FILE
-r, --repeat output lines can be repeated
-f omit the line of column headings in short format
-w omit the user's full name in short format
-i omit the user's full name and remote host in short format
-q omit the user's full name, remote host and idle time
in short format
-f same as -t fF, select floats
-i same as -t dI, select decimal ints
-l same as -t dL, select decimal longs
-o same as -t o2, select octal 2-byte units
-s same as -t d2, select decimal 2-byte units
-x same as -t x2, select hexadecimal 2-byte units
-f FILE FILE exists and is a regular file
-g FILE FILE exists and is set-group-ID
-G FILE FILE exists and is owned by the effective group ID
-h FILE FILE exists and is a symbolic link (same as -L)
-k FILE FILE exists and has its sticky bit set
-f, --canonicalize canonicalize by following every symlink in
every component of the given name recursively;
all but the last component must exist
-e, --canonicalize-existing canonicalize by following every symlink in
every component of the given name recursively,
all components must exist
-f, --fields=LIST select only these fields; also print any line
that contains no delimiter character, unless
the -s option is specified
-n (ignored)
-f, --file-system sync the file systems that contain the files
-f, --file=DATEFILE like --date; once for each line of DATEFILE
-f, --follow[={name|descriptor}]
output appended data as the file grows;
an absent option argument means 'descriptor'
-F same as --follow=name --retry
-f, --force if an existing destination file cannot be
opened, remove it and try again (this option
is ignored when the -n option is also used)
-i, --interactive prompt before overwrite (overrides a previous -n
option)
-H follow command-line symbolic links in SOURCE
-f, --force change permissions to allow writing if necessary
-n, --iterations=N overwrite N times instead of the default (%d)
--random-source=FILE get random bytes from FILE
-s, --size=N shred this many bytes (suffixes like K, M, G accepted)
-f, --format=FORMAT use printf style floating-point FORMAT
-s, --separator=STRING use STRING to separate numbers (default: \n)
-w, --equal-width equalize width by padding with leading zeroes
-f, --skip-fields=N avoid comparing the first N fields
-g like -l, but do not list owner
-g, --general-numeric-sort compare according to general numerical value
-i, --ignore-nonprinting consider only printable characters
-M, --month-sort compare (unknown) < 'JAN' < ... < 'DEC'
-h, --header-numbering=STYLE use STYLE for numbering header lines
-i, --line-increment=NUMBER line number increment at each line
-l, --join-blank-lines=NUMBER group of NUMBER empty lines counted as one
-n, --number-format=FORMAT insert line numbers according to FORMAT
-p, --no-renumber do not reset line numbers for each section
-s, --number-separator=STRING add STRING after (possible) line number
-h, --header=HEADER
use a centered HEADER instead of filename in page header,
-h "" prints a blank line, don't use -h""
-i[CHAR[WIDTH]], --output-tabs[=CHAR[WIDTH]]
replace spaces with CHARs (TABs) to tab WIDTH (8)
-J, --join-lines merge full lines, turns off -W line truncation, no column
alignment, --sep-string[=STRING] sets separators
-h, --human-numeric-sort compare human readable numbers (e.g., 2K 1G)
-h, --human-readable with -l and -s, print sizes like 1K 234M 2G etc.
--si likewise, but use powers of 1000 not 1024
-h, --no-dereference affect each symbolic link instead of any referenced
file (useful only on systems that can change the
timestamps of a symlink)
-m change only the modification time
-i, --ignore-case ignore differences in case when comparing fields
-j FIELD equivalent to '-1 FIELD -2 FIELD'
-o FORMAT obey FORMAT while constructing output line
-t CHAR use CHAR as input and output field separator
-i, --ignore-case ignore differences in case when comparing
-s, --skip-chars=N avoid comparing the first N characters
-u, --unique only print unique lines
-i, --ignore-environment start with an empty environment
-0, --null end each output line with NUL, not newline
-u, --unset=NAME remove variable from the environment
-i, --initial do not convert tabs after non blanks
-t, --tabs=N have tabs N characters apart, not 8
-i, --inodes list inode information instead of block usage
-k like --block-size=1K
-l, --local limit listing to local file systems
--no-sync do not invoke sync before getting usage info (default)
-i, --input=MODE adjust standard input stream buffering
-o, --output=MODE adjust standard output stream buffering
-e, --error=MODE adjust standard error stream buffering
-i, --interactive prompt whether to remove destinations
-L, --logical dereference TARGETs that are symbolic links
-n, --no-dereference treat LINK_NAME as a normal file if
it is a symbolic link to a directory
-P, --physical make hard links directly to symbolic links
-r, --relative with -s, create links relative to link location
-s, --symbolic make symbolic links instead of hard links
-k like --block-size=1K
-L, --dereference dereference all symbolic links
-l, --count-links count sizes many times if hard linked
-m like --block-size=1M
-k, --key=KEYDEF sort via a key; KEYDEF gives location and type
-m, --merge merge already sorted files; do not sort
-l, --length=BITS digest length in bits; must not exceed the max for
the blake2 algorithm and must be a multiple of 8
-l, --length=PAGE_LENGTH
set the page length to PAGE_LENGTH (66) lines
(default number of lines of text 56, and with -F 63).
implies -t if PAGE_LENGTH <= 10
-l, --link hard link files instead of copying
-L, --dereference always follow symbolic links in SOURCE
-l, --login print system login processes
-m, --canonicalize-missing canonicalize by following every symlink in
every component of the given name recursively,
without requirements on components existence
-n, --no-newline do not output the trailing delimiter
-q, --quiet
-s, --silent suppress most error messages (on by default)
-v, --verbose report error messages
-z, --zero end each output line with NUL, not newline
-m, --merge print all files in parallel, one in each column,
truncate lines, but join lines of full length with -J
-m, --mode=MODE set file permission bits to MODE, not a=rw - umask
-m, --mode=MODE set file mode (as in chmod), not a=rwx - umask
-p, --parents no error if existing, make parent directories as needed,
with their file modes unaffected by any -m option.
-v, --verbose print a message for each created directory
-n, --adjustment=N add integer N to the niceness (default 10)
-n, --numeric-sort compare according to string numerical value
-R, --random-sort shuffle, but group identical keys. See shuf(1)
--random-source=FILE get random bytes from FILE
-r, --reverse reverse the result of comparisons
-n, --numeric-uid-gid like -l, but list numeric user and group IDs
-N, --literal print entry names without quoting
-o like -l, but do not list group information
-p, --indicator-style=slash
append / indicator to directories
-n[SEP[DIGITS]], --number-lines[=SEP[DIGITS]]
number lines, use DIGITS (5) digits, then SEP (TAB),
default counting starts with 1st line of input file
-N, --first-line-number=NUMBER
start counting with NUMBER at 1st line of first
page printed (see +FIRST_PAGE)
-o, --indent=MARGIN
offset each line with MARGIN (zero) spaces, do not
affect -w or -W, MARGIN will be added to PAGE_WIDTH
-r, --no-file-warnings
omit warning when a file cannot be opened
-o, --io-blocks treat SIZE as number of IO blocks instead of bytes
-o, --output=FILE write result to FILE instead of standard output
-s, --stable stabilize sort by disabling last-resort comparison
-S, --buffer-size=SIZE use SIZE for main memory buffer
-p DIR, --tmpdir[=DIR] interpret TEMPLATE relative to DIR; if DIR is not
specified, use $TMPDIR if set, else /tmp. With
this option, TEMPLATE must not be an absolute name;
unlike with -t, TEMPLATE may contain slashes, but
mktemp creates only the final component
-q, --count all login names and number of users logged on
-r, --runlevel print current runlevel
-s, --short print only name, line, and time (default)
-t, --time print last system clock change
-q, --quiet, --silent never print headers giving file names
-v, --verbose always print headers giving file names
-r, --reference=FILE display the last modification time of FILE
-r, --reference=FILE use this file's times instead of current time
-t STAMP use [[CC]YY]MMDDhhmm[.ss] instead of current time
--time=WORD change the specified time:
WORD is access, atime, or use: equivalent to -a
WORD is modify or mtime: equivalent to -m
-r, --reference=RFILE base size on RFILE
-s, --size=SIZE set or adjust the file size by SIZE bytes
-r, --references first field of each line is a reference
-t, --typeset-mode - not implemented -
-w, --width=NUMBER output width in columns, reference excluded
-r, --reverse reverse order while sorting
-R, --recursive list subdirectories recursively
-s, --size print the allocated size of each file, in blocks
-r, -R, --recursive remove directories and their contents recursively
-d, --dir remove empty directories
-v, --verbose explain what is being done
-s, --only-delimited do not print lines not containing delimiters
--output-delimiter=STRING use STRING as the output delimiter
the default is to use the input delimiter
-s, --set=STRING set time described by STRING
-u, --utc, --universal print or set Coordinated Universal Time (UTC)
-s, --signal=SIGNAL, -SIGNAL
specify the name or number of the signal to be sent
-l, --list list signal names, or convert signal names to/from numbers
-t, --table print a table of signal information
-s, --sleep-interval=N with -f, sleep for approximately N seconds
(default 1.0) between iterations;
with inotify and --pid=P, check process P at
least once every N seconds
-v, --verbose always output headers giving file names
-s, --symbolic-link make symbolic links instead of copying
-S, --suffix=SUFFIX override the usual backup suffix
-t, --target-directory=DIRECTORY copy all SOURCE arguments into DIRECTORY
-T, --no-target-directory treat DEST as a normal file
-s[CHAR], --separator[=CHAR]
separate columns by a single character, default for CHAR
is the <TAB> character without -w and 'no char' with -w.
-s[CHAR] turns off line truncation of all 3 column
options (-COLUMN|-a -COLUMN|-m) except -w is set
-t sort by time, newest first; see --time
-T, --tabsize=COLS assume tab stops at each COLS instead of 8
-t equivalent to -vT
-T, --show-tabs display TAB characters as ^I
-u (ignored)
-v, --show-nonprinting use ^ and M- notation, except for LFD and TAB
-t interpret TEMPLATE as a single file name component,
relative to a directory: $TMPDIR, if set; else the
directory specified via -p; else /tmp [deprecated]
-t, --field-separator=SEP use SEP instead of non-blank to blank transition
-T, --temporary-directory=DIR use DIR for temporaries, not $TMPDIR or %s;
multiple options specify multiple directories
--parallel=N change the number of sorts run concurrently to N
-u, --unique with -c, check for strict ordering;
without -c, output only the first of an equal run
-t, --omit-header omit page headers and trailers;
implied if PAGE_LENGTH <= 10
-t, --tabs=LIST use comma separated list of tab positions.
-t, --tagged-paragraph indentation of first line different from second
-u, --uniform-spacing one space between words, two after sentences
-w, --width=WIDTH maximum line width (default of 75 columns)
-g, --goal=WIDTH goal width (default of 93% of width)
-t, --text read in text mode (default if reading tty stdin)
-t, --text read in text mode (default)
-t, --threshold=SIZE exclude entries smaller than SIZE if positive,
or entries greater than SIZE if negative
--time show time of the last modification of any file in the
directory, or any of its subdirectories
--time=WORD show time as WORD instead of modification time:
atime, access, use, ctime or status
--time-style=STYLE show times using STYLE, which can be:
full-iso, long-iso, iso, or +FORMAT;
FORMAT is interpreted like in 'date'
-t, --type=TYPE limit listing to file systems of type TYPE
-T, --print-type print file system type
-x, --exclude-type=TYPE limit listing to file systems not of type TYPE
-v (ignored)
-u deallocate and remove file after overwriting
--remove[=HOW] like -u but give control on HOW to delete; See below
-v, --verbose show progress
-x, --exact do not round file sizes up to the next full block;
this is the default for non-regular files
-z, --zero add a final overwrite with zeros to hide shredding
-u, --user=USER set user USER in the target security context
-r, --role=ROLE set role ROLE in the target security context
-t, --type=TYPE set type TYPE in the target security context
-l, --range=RANGE set range RANGE in the target security context
-v FILENUM like -a FILENUM, but suppress joined output lines
-1 FIELD join on this FIELD of file 1
-2 FIELD join on this FIELD of file 2
--check-order check that the input is correctly sorted, even
if all input lines are pairable
--nocheck-order do not check that the input is correctly sorted
--header treat the first line in each file as field headers,
print them without trying to pair them
-v, --debug print verbose information for each processing step
-v, --kernel-version print the kernel version
-m, --machine print the machine hardware name
-p, --processor print the processor type (non-portable)
-i, --hardware-platform print the hardware platform (non-portable)
-o, --operating-system print the operating system
-v, --starting-line-number=NUMBER first line number for each section
-w, --number-width=NUMBER use NUMBER columns for line numbers
-v, --verbose output a diagnostic for every file processed
-v, --verbose diagnose to stderr any signal sent upon timeout
-w, --check-chars=N compare no more than N characters in lines
-w, --width=COLS set output width to COLS. 0 means no limit
-x list entries by lines instead of by columns
-X sort alphabetically by entry extension
-Z, --context print any security context of each file
--zero end each output line with NUL, not newline
-1 list one file per line
-z, --zero end each output line with NUL, not newline,
and disable file name escaping
-z, --zero end each output line with NUL, not newline
-z, --zero-terminated line delimiter is NUL, not newline
-z, --zero-terminated line delimiter is NUL, not newline
-z, --zero-terminated line delimiter is NUL, not newline
-z, --zero-terminated line delimiter is NUL, not newline
CONTEXT Complete security context
-c, --compute compute process transition context before modifying
-t, --type=TYPE type (for same role as parent)
-u, --user=USER user identity
-r, --role=ROLE role
-l, --range=RANGE levelrange
File: "%n"
ID: %-8i Namelen: %-7l Type: %T
Block size: %-10s Fundamental block size: %S
Blocks: Total: %-10b Free: %-10f Available: %a
Inodes: Total: %-10c Free: %d
File: %N
Size: %-10s Blocks: %-10b IO Block: %-6o %F
Processes in
an uninterruptible sleep state also contribute to the load average.
[:graph:] all printable characters, not including space
[:lower:] all lower case letters
[:print:] all printable characters, including space
[:punct:] all punctuation characters
[:space:] all horizontal or vertical whitespace
[:upper:] all upper case letters
[:xdigit:] all hexadecimal digits
[=CHAR=] all characters which are equivalent to CHAR
\0NNN byte with octal value NNN (1 to 3 digits)
\xHH byte with hexadecimal value HH (1 to 2 digits)
\NNN byte with octal value NNN (1 to 3 digits)
\xHH byte with hexadecimal value HH (1 to 2 digits)
\uHHHH Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character with hex value HHHH (4 digits)
\UHHHHHHHH Unicode character with hex value HHHHHHHH (8 digits)
\\ backslash
\a alert (BEL)
\b backspace
\c produce no further output
\e escape
\f form feed
\n new line
\r carriage return
\t horizontal tab
\v vertical tab
ascii from EBCDIC to ASCII
ebcdic from ASCII to EBCDIC
ibm from ASCII to alternate EBCDIC
block pad newline-terminated records with spaces to cbs-size
unblock replace trailing spaces in cbs-size records with newline
lcase change upper case to lower case
ucase change lower case to upper case
sparse try to seek rather than write all-NUL output blocks
swab swap every pair of input bytes
sync pad every input block with NULs to ibs-size; when used
with block or unblock, pad with spaces rather than NULs
auto accept optional single/two letter suffix:
1K = 1000,
1Ki = 1024,
1M = 1000000,
1Mi = 1048576,
binary use binary I/O for data
cio use concurrent I/O for data
d[SIZE] signed decimal, SIZE bytes per integer
f[SIZE] floating point, SIZE bytes per float
o[SIZE] octal, SIZE bytes per integer
u[SIZE] unsigned decimal, SIZE bytes per integer
x[SIZE] hexadecimal, SIZE bytes per integer
direct use direct I/O for data
directory fail unless a directory
dsync use synchronized I/O for data
excl fail if the output file already exists
nocreat do not create the output file
notrunc do not truncate the output file
noerror continue after read errors
fdatasync physically write output file data before finishing
fsync likewise, but also write metadata
fullblock accumulate full blocks of input (iflag only)
iec accept optional single letter suffix:
1K = 1024,
1M = 1048576,
...
iec-i accept optional two-letter suffix:
1Ki = 1024,
1Mi = 1048576,
...
noatime do not update access time
nocache Request to drop cache. See also oflag=sync
noctty do not assign controlling terminal from file
nofollow do not follow symlinks
nolinks fail if multiply-linked
nonblock use non-blocking I/O
none no auto-scaling is done; suffixes will trigger an error
none, off never make backups (even if --backup is given)
numbered, t make numbered backups
existing, nil numbered if numbered backups exist, simple otherwise
simple, never always make simple backups
si accept optional single letter suffix:
1K = 1000,
1M = 1000000,
...
sync likewise, but also for metadata
text use text I/O for data
%H:%M:%S (backup: %s) * [-]LCASE same as [-]lcase
* [-]cdtrdsr enable DTR/DSR handshaking
* [-]cmspar use "stick" (mark/space) parity
* [-]crtscts enable RTS/CTS handshaking
* [-]ctlecho echo control characters in hat notation ('^c')
* [-]decctlq same as [-]ixany
* [-]drain wait for transmission before applying settings (%s by default)
* [-]echoctl same as [-]ctlecho
* [-]echoke same as [-]crtkill
* [-]echoprt echo erased characters backward, between '\' and '/'
* [-]extproc enable "LINEMODE"; useful with high latency links
* [-]flusho discard output
* [-]imaxbel beep and do not flush a full input buffer on a character
* [-]iuclc translate uppercase characters to lowercase
* [-]iutf8 assume input characters are UTF-8 encoded
* [-]ixany let any character restart output, not only start character
* [-]lcase same as xcase iuclc olcuc
* [-]ocrnl translate carriage return to newline
* [-]ofdel use delete characters for fill instead of NUL characters
* [-]ofill use fill (padding) characters instead of timing for delays
* [-]olcuc translate lowercase characters to uppercase
* [-]onlcr translate newline to carriage return-newline
* [-]onlret newline performs a carriage return
* [-]onocr do not print carriage returns in the first column
* [-]prterase same as [-]echoprt
* [-]tostop stop background jobs that try to write to the terminal
* [-]xcase with icanon, escape with '\' for uppercase characters
* bsN backspace delay style, N in [0..1]
* cols N tell the kernel that the terminal has N columns
* columns N same as cols N
* crN carriage return delay style, N in [0..3]
* crtkill kill all line by obeying the echoprt and echoe settings
* -crtkill kill all line by obeying the echoctl and echok settings
* discard CHAR CHAR will toggle discarding of output
* dsusp CHAR CHAR will send a terminal stop signal once input flushed
* eol2 CHAR alternate CHAR for ending the line
* ffN form feed delay style, N in [0..1]
* line N use line discipline N
* lnext CHAR CHAR will enter the next character quoted
* nlN newline delay style, N in [0..1]
* rows N tell the kernel that the terminal has N rows
* size print the number of rows and columns according to the kernel
* rprnt CHAR CHAR will redraw the current line
* status CHAR CHAR will send an info signal
* swtch CHAR CHAR will switch to a different shell layer
* tabN horizontal tab delay style, N in [0..3]
* tabs same as tab0
* -tabs same as tab3
* vtN vertical tab delay style, N in [0..1]
* werase CHAR CHAR will erase the last word typed
??:???? TTY context=%s egid=%s euid=%s gid=%s groups= old on repetition %s
%.*s: invalid conversion specification %b %e %Y %b %e %H:%M %s (for regexp %s) %s -> %s (unbackup)
%s [-d] terminated abnormally %s and %s are the same file %s could not be accessed
%s exists but is not a directory %s expected %s expected, found %s %s has appeared; following new file %s has become accessible %s has become inaccessible %s has been replaced with an untailable file%s %s has been replaced with an untailable remote file %s has been replaced with an untailable symbolic link %s has been replaced; following new file %s has unknown file type %s has unusable, apparently negative size %s home page: <%s>
%s is not a valid positive integer %s is too large %s may be used only on a SELinux kernel %s was replaced %s was specified but %s was not %s would overwrite input; aborting %s%s argument '%s' too large %s-%s %s: %s: line number out of range %s: %s: match not found %s: %s:%s: disorder: %s: '}' is required in repeat count %s: binary operator expected %s: can make relative symbolic links only in current directory %s: cannot change nonblocking mode %s: cannot determine file size %s: cannot follow end of this type of file%s %s: cannot overwrite directory %s: cannot rewind %s: cannot seek %s: cannot seek to end-relative offset %s %s: cannot seek to offset %s %s: cannot seek to relative offset %s %s: cannot shred append-only file descriptor %s: cannot skip %s: cannot skip to specified offset %s: closing delimiter '%c' missing %s: couldn't reset non-blocking mode %s: descend into directory %s? %s: descend into write-protected directory %s? %s: end of file %s: equivalence class operand must be a single character %s: error setting %s %s: error truncating %s: error writing at offset %s %s: expected a numeric value %s: failed to close %s: failed to open for writing %s: failed to remove %s: fcntl failed %s: fdatasync failed %s: file has negative size %s: file has shrunk too much %s: file too large %s: file truncated %s: fstat failed %s: fsync failed %s: hard link not allowed for directory %s: input contains a loop: %s: input contains an odd number of tokens %s: input file is output file %s: integer expected after delimiter %s: invalid count at start of %s %s: invalid directive %s: invalid field specification %s %s: invalid file type %s: invalid option -- '%c'
%s: invalid pattern %s: invalid process id %s: invalid regular expression: %s %s: invalid signal %s: invalid start value for hexadecimal suffix %s: invalid start value for numerical suffix %s: line number must be greater than zero %s: line number out of range %s: lseek failed %s: multiple signals specified %s: new permissions are %s, not %s %s: no file was verified %s: no properly formatted checksum lines found %s: no size information for this device %s: no such user %s: not listing already-listed directory %s: number of bytes is too large %s: option '%s%s' doesn't allow an argument
%s: option '%s%s' is ambiguous
%s: option '%s%s' is ambiguous; possibilities: %s: option '%s%s' requires an argument
%s: option requires an argument -- '%c'
%s: overwrite %s? %s: pass %lu/%lu (%s)... %s: pass %lu/%lu (%s)...%s %s: pass %lu/%lu (%s)...%s/%s %d%% %s: read error %s: remove %s %s? %s: remove write-protected %s %s? %s: removed %s: removing %s: renamed to %s %s: replace %s, overriding mode %04lo (%s)? %s: replace %s? %s: seek failed %s: too many checksum lines %s: unable to determine maximum file name length %s: unable to perform all requested operations %s: unary operator expected %s: unknown binary operator %s: unrecognized option '%s%s'
%s: unwritable %s (mode %04lo, %s); try anyway? %s: value not completely converted %s: write error %s: write failed %s:%lu: invalid zero-length file name %s}: integer required between '{' and '}' ' '+' specifier not at start of number: %s '+' specifier only allowed with the last value '-%c' extra characters or invalid number in the argument: %s '--pages=FIRST_PAGE[:LAST_PAGE]' missing argument '-N NUMBER' invalid starting line number '-W PAGE_WIDTH' invalid number of characters '-l PAGE_LENGTH' invalid number of lines '-o MARGIN' invalid line offset '-w PAGE_WIDTH' invalid number of characters '/' specifier is mutually exclusive with '+' '/' specifier not at start of number: %s '/' specifier only allowed with the last value '\c' must not appear in double-quoted -S string (C) , load average: %.2f --%s argument %s too large --check is not supported with --algorithm={bsd,sysv,crc} --context (-Z) works only on an SELinux-enabled kernel --context (-Z) works only on an SELinux/SMACK-enabled kernel --data needs at least one argument --dired and --zero are incompatible --filter does not process a chunk extracted to stdout --format padding overriding --padding --group is mutually exclusive with -c/-d/-D/-u --grouping cannot be combined with --format --header ignored with command-line input --length is only supported with --algorithm=blake2b --reflink can be used only with --sparse=auto --tag does not support --text mode --terse --file-system is equivalent to the following FORMAT:
%s -R --dereference requires either -H or -L -R -h requires -P -ef does not accept -l -nt does not accept -l -ot does not accept -l -r not specified; omitting directory %s ; giving up on this name <internal> ???
????? Aborted Access: %x
Modify: %y
Change: %z
Birth: %w
Access: (%04a/%10.10A) Uid: (%5u/%8U) Gid: (%5g/%8G)
Address family for hostname not supported Alarm clock Alex Deymo All requests done Argument buffer too small Arnold Robbins Assaf Gordon Avail Available Bad system call Bad value for ai_flags Base%d encode or decode FILE, or standard input, to standard output.
Brian Fox Broken pipe Bus error CAUTION: shred assumes the file system and hardware overwrite data in place.
Although this is common, many platforms operate otherwise. Also, backups
and mirrors may contain unremovable copies that will let a shredded file
be recovered later. See the GNU coreutils manual for details.
COMMENT CPU time limit exceeded Call the link function to create a link named FILE2 to an existing FILE1.
Call the unlink function to remove the specified FILE.
Capacity Change the SELinux security context of each FILE to CONTEXT.
With --reference, change the security context of each FILE to that of RFILE.
Change the group of each FILE to GROUP.
With --reference, change the group of each FILE to that of RFILE.
Change the mode of each FILE to MODE.
With --reference, change the mode of each FILE to that of RFILE.
Change the owner and/or group of each FILE to OWNER and/or GROUP.
With --reference, change the owner and group of each FILE to those of RFILE.
Chet Ramey Child exited Colin Plumb Compare sorted files FILE1 and FILE2 line by line.
Concatenate FILE(s) to standard output.
Context: %C
Continued Convert blanks in each FILE to tabs, writing to standard output.
Convert tabs in each FILE to spaces, writing to standard output.
Copy SOURCE to DEST, or multiple SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY.
Copy a file, converting and formatting according to the operands.
bs=BYTES read and write up to BYTES bytes at a time (default: 512);
overrides ibs and obs
cbs=BYTES convert BYTES bytes at a time
conv=CONVS convert the file as per the comma separated symbol list
count=N copy only N input blocks
ibs=BYTES read up to BYTES bytes at a time (default: 512)
Copy standard input to each FILE, and also to standard output.
-a, --append append to the given FILEs, do not overwrite
-i, --ignore-interrupts ignore interrupt signals
Create a temporary file or directory, safely, and print its name.
TEMPLATE must contain at least 3 consecutive 'X's in last component.
If TEMPLATE is not specified, use tmp.XXXXXXXXXX, and --tmpdir is implied.
Create named pipes (FIFOs) with the given NAMEs.
Create the DIRECTORY(ies), if they do not already exist.
Create the special file NAME of the given TYPE.
David M. Ihnat David MacKenzie David Madore Device: %Hd,%Ld Inode: %-10i Links: %-5h Device type: %Hr,%Lr
Device: %Hd,%Ld Inode: %-10i Links: %h
Directory: Display file or file system status.
Dmitry V. Levin EMT trap EXIT Each range is one of:
N N'th byte, character or field, counted from 1
N- from N'th byte, character or field, to end of line
N-M from N'th to M'th (included) byte, character or field
-M from first to M'th (included) byte, character or field
Echo the STRING(s) to standard output.
-n do not output the trailing newline
Eric Blake Execute the PROGRAM_NAME built-in program with the given PARAMETERS.
Exit with a status code indicating failure. Exit with a status code indicating success. Exit with the status determined by EXPRESSION.
F. Pinard FAILED FAILED open or read FIXME: unknown FORMAT must be suitable for printing one argument of type 'double';
it defaults to %.PRECf if FIRST, INCREMENT, and LAST are all fixed point
decimal numbers with maximum precision PREC, and to %g otherwise.
Fifos do not have major and minor device numbers. File File size limit exceeded Files are created u+rw, and directories u+rwx, minus umask restrictions.
Filesystem Filter adjacent matching lines from INPUT (or standard input),
writing to OUTPUT (or standard output).
With no options, matching lines are merged to the first occurrence.
Floating point exception For each pair of input lines with identical join fields, write a line to
standard output. The default join field is the first, delimited by blanks.
Full documentation <%s%s>
General help using GNU software: <%s>
Giuseppe Scrivano H. Peter Anvin Hangup I/O possible IDLE IFree IUse% IUsed Ian Lance Taylor Idle If FILE is not specified, use %s. %s as FILE is common.
Illegal instruction In real life: In the 1st form, create a link to TARGET with the name LINK_NAME.
In the 2nd form, create a link to TARGET in the current directory.
In the 3rd and 4th forms, create links to each TARGET in DIRECTORY.
Create hard links by default, symbolic links with --symbolic.
By default, each destination (name of new link) should not already exist.
When creating hard links, each TARGET must exist. Symbolic links
can hold arbitrary text; if later resolved, a relative link is
interpreted in relation to its parent directory.
Infinity Information request Inodes Interrupt Interrupted by a signal Invalid back reference Invalid character class name Invalid collation character Invalid content of \{\} Invalid number Invalid preceding regular expression Invalid range end Invalid regular expression James Youngman Jay Lepreau Jim Kingdon Jim Meyering Joseph Arceneaux Kaveh Ghazi Kayvan Aghaiepour Kevin Braunsdorf Killed LINE LOGIN License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <%s>.
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
List information about the FILEs (the current directory by default).
Sort entries alphabetically if none of -cftuvSUX nor --sort is specified.
Login Login name: Mark Kettenis Matthew Bradburn Memory allocation failure Memory exhausted Michael Meskes Michael Stone Mike Haertel Mike Parker Mounted on NAME Name Name or service not known Niels Moller No address associated with hostname No match No previous regular expression Non-recoverable failure in name resolution OK Only one string may be given when deleting without squeezing repeats. Ordering options:
Other options:
Output a permuted index, including context, of the words in the input files.
Output each NAME with its last non-slash component and trailing slashes
removed; if NAME contains no /'s, output '.' (meaning the current directory).
Output pieces of FILE separated by PATTERN(s) to files 'xx00', 'xx01', ...,
and output byte counts of each piece to standard output.
Output pieces of FILE to PREFIXaa, PREFIXab, ...;
default size is 1000 lines, and default PREFIX is 'x'.
Output platform dependent limits in a format useful for shell scripts.
Output who is currently logged in according to FILE.
If FILE is not specified, use %s. %s as FILE is common.
Overwrite the specified FILE(s) repeatedly, in order to make it harder
for even very expensive hardware probing to recover the data.
PID Packaged by %s
Packaged by %s (%s)
Padraig Brady Paginate or columnate FILE(s) for printing.
Parameter string not correctly encoded Paul Eggert Paul Rubin Pete TerMaat Plan:
Power failure Premature end of regular expression Print ARGUMENT(s) according to FORMAT, or execute according to OPTION:
Print NAME with any leading directory components removed.
If specified, also remove a trailing SUFFIX.
Print certain system information. With no OPTION, same as -s.
-a, --all print all information, in the following order,
except omit -p and -i if unknown:
-s, --kernel-name print the kernel name
-n, --nodename print the network node hostname
-r, --kernel-release print the kernel release
Print group memberships for each USERNAME or, if no USERNAME is specified, for
the current process (which may differ if the groups database has changed).
Print information about users who are currently logged in.
Print machine architecture.
Print newline, word, and byte counts for each FILE, and a total line if
more than one FILE is specified. A word is a non-zero-length sequence of
printable characters delimited by white space.
Print numbers from FIRST to LAST, in steps of INCREMENT.
Print or change terminal characteristics.
Print or check %s (%d-bit) checksums.
Print or verify checksums.
By default use the 32 bit CRC algorithm.
Print selected parts of lines from each FILE to standard output.
Print the current time, the length of time the system has been up,
the number of users on the system, and the average number of jobs
in the run queue over the last 1, 5 and 15 minutes. Print the file name of the terminal connected to standard input.
-s, --silent, --quiet print nothing, only return an exit status
Print the first %d lines of each FILE to standard output.
With more than one FILE, precede each with a header giving the file name.
Print the full filename of the current working directory.
Print the last %d lines of each FILE to standard output.
With more than one FILE, precede each with a header giving the file name.
Print the number of processing units available to the current process,
which may be less than the number of online processors
Print the prime factors of each specified integer NUMBER. If none
are specified on the command line, read them from standard input.
Print the resolved absolute file name;
all but the last component must exist
Print the user name associated with the current effective user ID.
Same as id -un.
Print the user's login name.
Print value of a symbolic link or canonical file name
Processing request in progress Profiling timer expired Project: Q. Frank Xia Quit Randy Smith Real-time signal %d Reformat NUMBER(s), or the numbers from standard input if none are specified.
Reformat each paragraph in the FILE(s), writing to standard output.
The option -WIDTH is an abbreviated form of --width=DIGITS.
Regular expression too big Remove (unlink) the FILE(s).
-f, --force ignore nonexistent files and arguments, never prompt
-i prompt before every removal
Rename SOURCE to DEST, or move SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY.
Repeatedly output a line with all specified STRING(s), or 'y'.
Report %s bugs to: %s
Report any translation bugs to <https://translationproject.org/team/>
Report bugs to: %s
Request canceled Request not canceled Resource lost Richard M. Stallman Richard Mlynarik Roland Huebner Roland McGrath Ross Paterson Run COMMAND with an adjusted niceness, which affects process scheduling.
With no COMMAND, print the current niceness. Niceness values range from
%d (most favorable to the process) to %d (least favorable to the process).
Run COMMAND with root directory set to NEWROOT.
Run COMMAND, ignoring hangup signals.
Run COMMAND, with modified buffering operations for its standard streams.
Run a program in a different SELinux security context.
With neither CONTEXT nor COMMAND, print the current security context.
Russell Coker Samuel Neves Scott Bartram Scott Miller Segmentation fault Send signals to processes, or list signals.
Servname not supported for ai_socktype Set LC_ALL='C' to work around the problem. Set each NAME to VALUE in the environment and run COMMAND.
Shell: Show information about the file system on which each FILE resides,
or all file systems by default.
Shrink or extend the size of each FILE to the specified size
A FILE argument that does not exist is created.
If a FILE is larger than the specified size, the extra data is lost.
If a FILE is shorter, it is extended and the sparse extended part (hole)
reads as zero bytes.
Simon Josefsson Size Special files require major and minor device numbers. Stack fault Start COMMAND, and kill it if still running after DURATION.
Stopped Stopped (signal) Stopped (tty input) Stopped (tty output) Stuart Kemp Success Summarize device usage of the set of FILEs, recursively for directories.
Synchronize cached writes to persistent storage
If one or more files are specified, sync only them,
or their containing file systems.
System error TIME Temporary failure in name resolution Terminated The following optional flags may follow '%':
- (hyphen) do not pad the field
_ (underscore) pad with spaces
0 (zero) pad with zeros
+ pad with zeros, and put '+' before future years with >4 digits
^ use upper case if possible
# use opposite case if possible
The strings compared were %s and %s. Torbjorn Granlund Trace/breakpoint trap Trailing backslash Try '%s --help' for more information.
Try '%s ./%s' to remove the file %s.
Two strings must be given when both deleting and squeezing repeats. Two strings must be given when translating. Type Ulrich Drepper Unknown error Unknown signal %d Unknown system error Unmatched ( or \( Unmatched ) or \) Unmatched [, [^, [:, [., or [= Unmatched \{ Update the access and modification times of each FILE to the current time.
A FILE argument that does not exist is created empty, unless -c or -h
is supplied.
A FILE argument string of - is handled specially and causes touch to
change the times of the file associated with standard output.
Urgent I/O condition Usage: %s
Usage: %s --coreutils-prog=PROGRAM_NAME [PARAMETERS]...
Usage: %s COMMAND [ARG]...
or: %s OPTION
Usage: %s CONTEXT COMMAND [args]
or: %s [ -c ] [-u USER] [-r ROLE] [-t TYPE] [-l RANGE] COMMAND [args]
Usage: %s EXPRESSION
or: %s OPTION
Usage: %s FILE
or: %s OPTION
Usage: %s FILE1 FILE2
or: %s OPTION
Usage: %s FORMAT [ARGUMENT]...
or: %s OPTION
Usage: %s NAME [SUFFIX]
or: %s OPTION... NAME...
Usage: %s NUMBER[SUFFIX]...
or: %s OPTION
Pause for NUMBER seconds. SUFFIX may be 's' for seconds (the default),
'm' for minutes, 'h' for hours or 'd' for days. NUMBER need not be an
integer. Given two or more arguments, pause for the amount of time
specified by the sum of their values.
Usage: %s OPTION... COMMAND
Usage: %s OPTION... FILE...
Usage: %s OPTION... [FILE]...
Usage: %s [-F DEVICE | --file=DEVICE] [SETTING]...
or: %s [-F DEVICE | --file=DEVICE] [-a|--all]
or: %s [-F DEVICE | --file=DEVICE] [-g|--save]
Usage: %s [-WIDTH] [OPTION]... [FILE]...
Usage: %s [-s SIGNAL | -SIGNAL] PID...
or: %s -l [SIGNAL]...
or: %s -t [SIGNAL]...
Usage: %s [NAME]
or: %s OPTION
Print or set the hostname of the current system.
Usage: %s [OPERAND]...
or: %s OPTION
Usage: %s [OPTION]
Usage: %s [OPTION]
Print the numeric identifier (in hexadecimal) for the current host.
Usage: %s [OPTION] DURATION COMMAND [ARG]...
or: %s [OPTION]
Usage: %s [OPTION] NAME...
Usage: %s [OPTION] NEWROOT [COMMAND [ARG]...]
or: %s OPTION
Usage: %s [OPTION] [COMMAND [ARG]...]
Usage: %s [OPTION] [FILE]
Write totally ordered list consistent with the partial ordering in FILE.
Usage: %s [OPTION] [FILE]...
Usage: %s [OPTION]...
Usage: %s [OPTION]... CONTEXT FILE...
or: %s [OPTION]... [-u USER] [-r ROLE] [-l RANGE] [-t TYPE] FILE...
or: %s [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE...
Usage: %s [OPTION]... DIRECTORY...
Usage: %s [OPTION]... FILE PATTERN...
Usage: %s [OPTION]... FILE...
Usage: %s [OPTION]... FILE1 FILE2
Usage: %s [OPTION]... GROUP FILE...
or: %s [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE...
Usage: %s [OPTION]... LAST
or: %s [OPTION]... FIRST LAST
or: %s [OPTION]... FIRST INCREMENT LAST
Usage: %s [OPTION]... MODE[,MODE]... FILE...
or: %s [OPTION]... OCTAL-MODE FILE...
or: %s [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE...
Usage: %s [OPTION]... NAME TYPE [MAJOR MINOR]
Usage: %s [OPTION]... NAME...
Usage: %s [OPTION]... [ FILE | ARG1 ARG2 ]
Usage: %s [OPTION]... [+FORMAT]
or: %s [-u|--utc|--universal] [MMDDhhmm[[CC]YY][.ss]]
Usage: %s [OPTION]... [-T] SOURCE DEST
or: %s [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY
or: %s [OPTION]... -t DIRECTORY SOURCE...
Usage: %s [OPTION]... [-T] SOURCE DEST
or: %s [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY
or: %s [OPTION]... -t DIRECTORY SOURCE...
or: %s [OPTION]... -d DIRECTORY...
Usage: %s [OPTION]... [-T] TARGET LINK_NAME
or: %s [OPTION]... TARGET
or: %s [OPTION]... TARGET... DIRECTORY
or: %s [OPTION]... -t DIRECTORY TARGET...
Usage: %s [OPTION]... [-] [NAME=VALUE]... [COMMAND [ARG]...]
Usage: %s [OPTION]... [FILE [PREFIX]]
Usage: %s [OPTION]... [FILE]
Usage: %s [OPTION]... [FILE]
or: %s -e [OPTION]... [ARG]...
or: %s -i LO-HI [OPTION]...
Usage: %s [OPTION]... [FILE]...
Usage: %s [OPTION]... [FILE]...
or: %s [-abcdfilosx]... [FILE] [[+]OFFSET[.][b]]
or: %s --traditional [OPTION]... [FILE] [[+]OFFSET[.][b] [+][LABEL][.][b]]
Usage: %s [OPTION]... [FILE]...
or: %s [OPTION]... --files0-from=F
Usage: %s [OPTION]... [INPUT [OUTPUT]]
Usage: %s [OPTION]... [INPUT]... (without -G)
or: %s -G [OPTION]... [INPUT [OUTPUT]]
Usage: %s [OPTION]... [NUMBER]...
Usage: %s [OPTION]... [OWNER][:[GROUP]] FILE...
or: %s [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE...
Usage: %s [OPTION]... [TEMPLATE]
Usage: %s [OPTION]... [USERNAME]...
Usage: %s [OPTION]... [USER]...
Usage: %s [OPTION]... [VARIABLE]...
Print the values of the specified environment VARIABLE(s).
If no VARIABLE is specified, print name and value pairs for them all.
Usage: %s [SHORT-OPTION]... [STRING]...
or: %s LONG-OPTION
Usage: %s [STRING]...
or: %s OPTION
Usage: %s [ignored command line arguments]
or: %s OPTION
Usage: test EXPRESSION
or: test
or: [ EXPRESSION ]
or: [ ]
or: [ OPTION
Use% Used User defined signal 1 User defined signal 2 Valid arguments are: Valid arguments are:
Valid format sequences for file systems:
%a free blocks available to non-superuser
%b total data blocks in file system
%c total file nodes in file system
%d free file nodes in file system
%f free blocks in file system
Virtual timer expired WARNING: Circular directory structure.
This almost certainly means that you have a corrupted file system.
NOTIFY YOUR SYSTEM MANAGER.
The following directory is part of the cycle:
%s
WARNING: ignoring --preserve-context; this kernel is not SELinux-enabled WARNING: ignoring --strip-program option as -s option was not specified Warning: When When checking, the input should be a former output of this program,
or equivalent standalone program.
When checking, the input should be a former output of this program.
The default mode is to print a line with: checksum, a space,
a character indicating input mode ('*' for binary, ' ' for text
or where binary is insignificant), and name for each FILE.
Note: There is no difference between binary mode and text mode on GNU systems.
Where Window changed With --follow (-f), tail defaults to following the file descriptor, which
means that even if a tail'ed file is renamed, tail will continue to track
its end. This default behavior is not desirable when you really want to
track the actual name of the file, not the file descriptor (e.g., log
rotation). Use --follow=name in that case. That causes tail to track the
named file in a way that accommodates renaming, removal and creation.
Wrap input lines in each FILE, writing to standard output.
Write a random permutation of the input lines to standard output.
Write each FILE to standard output, last line first.
Write each FILE to standard output, with line numbers added.
Write lines consisting of the sequentially corresponding lines from
each FILE, separated by TABs, to standard output.
Write sorted concatenation of all FILE(s) to standard output.
Written by %s and %s.
Written by %s, %s, %s,
%s, %s, %s, %s,
%s, %s, and others.
Written by %s, %s, %s,
%s, %s, %s, %s,
%s, and %s.
Written by %s, %s, %s,
%s, %s, %s, %s,
and %s.
Written by %s, %s, %s,
%s, %s, %s, and %s.
Written by %s, %s, %s,
%s, %s, and %s.
Written by %s, %s, %s,
%s, and %s.
Written by %s, %s, %s,
and %s.
Written by %s, %s, and %s.
Written by %s.
[=c=] expressions may not appear in string2 when translating ^ no match for key
^[nN] ^[yY] ` a command must be given with an adjustment ai_family not supported ai_socktype not supported ambiguous argument %s for %s an input delimiter may be specified only when operating on fields and --preserve-root=all is in effect appending output to %s avx2 support not detected backing up %s might destroy source; %s not copied backing up %s might destroy source; %s not moved backup type basenc encode or decode FILE, or standard input, to standard output.
block special file block special files not supported blocks both files cannot be standard input byte/character offset %s is too large byte/character positions are numbered from 1 can't apply partial context to unlabeled file %s can't get process context cannot access %s cannot access %s: over-mounted by another device cannot backup %s cannot both summarize and show all entries cannot change directory to %s cannot change ownership of %s cannot change permissions of %s cannot change root directory to %s cannot change to directory %s cannot chdir to root directory cannot combine --target-directory (-t) and --no-target-directory (-T) cannot combine --target-directory and --no-target-directory cannot combine -e and -i options cannot combine any two of {ascii,ebcdic,ibm} cannot combine block and unblock cannot combine direct and nocache cannot combine excl and nocreat cannot combine lcase and ucase cannot combine mode and --reference options cannot combine signal with -l or -t cannot compare file names %s and %s cannot convert U+%04X to local character set cannot convert U+%04X to local character set: %s cannot copy a directory, %s, into itself, %s cannot copy cyclic symbolic link %s cannot create directory %s cannot create fifo %s cannot create hard link %s to %s cannot create link %s to %s cannot create regular file %s cannot create special file %s cannot create symbolic link %s cannot create symbolic link %s to %s cannot create temporary file in %s cannot dereference %s cannot determine device and inode of %s cannot determine hostname cannot determine location of %s. reverting to polling cannot do --relative without --symbolic cannot do ioctl on %s cannot find name for user ID %lu cannot find name for user ID %s cannot follow %s by name cannot fstat %s cannot get current directory cannot get effective GID cannot get effective UID cannot get niceness cannot get real GID cannot get real UID cannot get system name cannot get the size of %s cannot lseek %s cannot make both hard and symbolic links cannot make directory %s cannot move %s to %s cannot move %s to a subdirectory of itself, %s cannot move directory onto non-directory: %s -> %s cannot open %s for reading cannot open %s for writing cannot open directory %s cannot operate on dangling symlink %s cannot overwrite directory %s with non-directory cannot overwrite non-directory %s with directory %s cannot perform formatted output cannot preserve extended attributes, cp is built without xattr support cannot preserve security context without an SELinux-enabled kernel cannot print "only" of more than one choice cannot print only names or real IDs in default format cannot print security context when user specified cannot read cannot read directory %s cannot read file names from %s cannot read file system information for %s cannot read realtime clock cannot read symbolic link %s cannot read table of mounted file systems cannot remove %s cannot run %s cannot set %s cannot set date cannot set name to %s cannot set niceness cannot set permissions of %s cannot set target context and preserve it cannot set timestamps for %s cannot skip past end of combined input cannot specify --null (-0) with command cannot specify both --data and --file-system cannot specify both printing across and printing in parallel cannot specify number of columns when printing in parallel cannot specify times from more than one source cannot split in more than one way cannot stat %s cannot stat current directory (now %s) cannot stat standard input cannot statx %s cannot touch %s cannot un-backup %s cannot unlink %s cannot unset %s cannot watch %s cannot watch parent directory of %s cannot work around kernel bug after all changed group of %s from %s to %s
changed ownership of %s from %s to %s
changing group of %s changing ownership of %s changing permissions of %s changing security context of %s
character offset is zero character out of range character special file character special files not supported clearing permissions for %s clock change close failed closing %s (fd=%d) closing directory %s closing input file %s closing input pipe closing output file %s closing output pipe closing prior pipe closing standard input compatibility mode supports at most one file conflicting empty-field replacement strings conflicting security context specifiers given contiguous data copied could not set buffering of %s to mode %s
couldn't create process for %s -d couldn't create temporary file couldn't find directory entry in %s with matching i-node couldn't get boot time couldn't reset non-blocking mode %s created directory %s created directory %s
creating directory %s creating file %s
delimiter list ends with an unescaped backslash: %s directory directory containing watched file was removed division by zero door empty file name empty record separator empty tab error canonicalizing %s error closing file error copying %s to %s error deallocating %s error in regular expression matcher error in regular expression search error opening %s error reading %s error reading inotify event error reading input error syncing %s error waiting for command error waiting for inotify and output events error writing %s error: regular expression has a match of length zero: %s executing with FILE=%s
exit= extra argument %s extra operand %s extra operand %s not allowed with -%c failed to access %s failed to canonicalize %s failed to change context of %s to %s failed to change group of %s from %s to %s
failed to change group of %s to %s
failed to change mode of %s from %04lo (%s) to %04lo (%s)
failed to change ownership of %s
failed to change ownership of %s from %s to %s
failed to change ownership of %s to %s
failed to chdir to %s failed to clone %s from %s failed to close %s failed to close input pipe failed to compute a new context failed to convert some of the input numbers failed to create directory via template %s failed to create file via template %s failed to create hard link %s failed to create hard link %s => %s failed to create hard link to %.0s%s failed to create pipe failed to create security context: %s failed to create symbolic link %s failed to create symbolic link %s -> %s failed to discard cache for: %s failed to extend %s failed to find %s failed to get attributes of %s failed to get current context failed to get groups for the current process failed to get groups for user %s failed to get security context of %s failed to get signal action for signal %d failed to get signal process mask failed to get supplemental groups failed to lookup file %s failed to open %s failed to open %s for reading failed to open %s for writing failed to prepare value '%Lf' for printing failed to preserve authorship for %s failed to preserve ownership for %s failed to preserve permissions for %s failed to preserve times for %s failed to redirect standard error failed to remove %s failed to remove %s: Symbolic link not followed failed to remove directory %s failed to render standard input unusable failed to restore context for %s failed to restore the default file creation context failed to return to initial working directory failed to rewind stream for %s failed to run command %s failed to run command: "%s -c %s" failed to set %s security context component to %s failed to set FILE environment variable failed to set default creation context for %s failed to set default file creation context for %s failed to set default file creation context to %s failed to set file descriptor text/binary mode failed to set group-ID failed to set locale failed to set new range: %s failed to set new role: %s failed to set new type: %s failed to set new user: %s failed to set signal action for signal %d failed to set signal process mask failed to set supplemental groups failed to set the security context of %s failed to set user-ID failed to stat %s failed to stat %s: skipping %s failed to turn off O_DIRECT: %s failed to update the environment with %s fdatasync failed for %s fflush failed field number %s is too large field number is zero fields are numbered from 1 fifo file %d is not in sorted order file operands cannot be combined with --files0-from file operands cannot be combined with --print-database (-p) file system type %s both selected and excluded fork system call failed format %s ends in %% format %s has no %% directive format %s has too many %% directives format %s has unknown %%%c directive format string may not be specified when printing equal width strings fsync failed for %s fts_close failed fts_read failed fts_read failed: %s generating relative path getting new attributes of %s group of %s retained as %s
grouping and printing repeat counts is meaningless grouping cannot be combined with --to grouping has no effect in this locale iconv function not available iconv function not usable id= ignoring --no-newline with multiple arguments ignoring input ignoring input and appending output to %s ignoring input and redirecting stderr to stdout ignoring invalid tab size in environment variable TABSIZE: %s ignoring invalid value of environment variable QUOTING_STYLE: %s ignoring invalid width in environment variable COLUMNS: %s ignoring non-option arguments incompatible tabs inotify cannot be used, reverting to polling inotify resources exhausted input disappeared input is not in sorted order input line is too long integer overflow inter-device move failed: %s to %s; unable to remove target invalid %s argument: %s invalid %s%s argument '%s' invalid --%s argument %s invalid --threshold argument '-0' invalid IO block size invalid PID invalid Zero increment value: %s invalid adjustment %s invalid argument %s invalid argument %s for %s invalid backslash at end of string in -S invalid body numbering style: %s invalid buffering mode %s for %s
invalid byte or character range invalid byte/character position %s invalid character '%c' in type string %s invalid character class %s invalid chunk number invalid context: %s invalid conversion invalid conversion specifier in suffix: %c invalid conversion specifier in suffix: \%.3o invalid date %s invalid date format %s invalid decreasing range invalid device %s %s invalid device type %s invalid field number: %s invalid field range invalid field specifier: %s invalid field value %s invalid field width: %s invalid file number in field spec: %s invalid file size invalid flags in conversion specification: %%%c%c invalid floating point argument: %s invalid footer numbering style: %s invalid format %s (width overflow) invalid format %s, directive must be %%[0]['][-][N][.][N]f invalid gap width: %s invalid group invalid group %s invalid group list %s invalid group: %s invalid header numbering style: %s invalid header value %s invalid input invalid input (length must be multiple of 4 characters) invalid input flag invalid input range invalid integer %s invalid integer argument invalid length invalid length: %s invalid line count: %s invalid line discipline %s invalid line number field width invalid line number increment invalid line number of blank lines invalid line numbering format: %s invalid line width invalid line width: %s invalid major device number %s invalid maximum depth %s invalid maximum number of unchanged stats between opens invalid minor device number %s invalid mode invalid mode %s invalid mode: %s invalid number invalid number after ',' invalid number after '-' invalid number after '.' invalid number at field start invalid number of bytes invalid number of bytes to compare invalid number of bytes to skip invalid number of chunks invalid number of columns invalid number of fields to skip invalid number of lines invalid number of passes invalid number of seconds: %s invalid number: %s invalid option -- %c invalid option -- %c; -WIDTH is recognized only when it is the first
option; use -w N instead invalid option -- '%c' invalid output address radix '%c'; it must be one character from [doxn] invalid output flag invalid padding value %s invalid page range %s invalid precision in format %s invalid precision: %s invalid range with no endpoint: - invalid repeat count %s in [c*n] construct invalid sequence '\%c' in -S invalid spec invalid starting line number invalid status level invalid suffix %s, contains directory separator invalid suffix in %s%s argument '%s' invalid suffix in input %s: %s invalid suffix in input: %s invalid suffix length invalid tab size invalid template, %s, contains directory separator invalid template, %s; with --tmpdir, it may not be absolute invalid time interval %s invalid time style format %s invalid trailing option -- %c invalid type string %s invalid unit size: %s invalid universal character name \%c%0*x invalid user invalid user %s invalid width invalid wrap size invalid zero-length file name it is dangerous to operate recursively on %s it is dangerous to operate recursively on %s (same as %s) key %lu has zero width and will be ignored key %lu is numeric and spans multiple fields large input value %s: possible precision loss last= leading '-' in a component of file name %s leading blanks are significant in key %lu; consider also specifying 'b' length is not a multiple of 8 line buffering stdin is meaningless line number %s is smaller than preceding line number, %s line number overflow maximum --%s argument with current rlimit is %s maximum digest length for %s is %d bits memory exhausted message queue migrated file with data migrated file without data minimum --%s argument is %s misaligned [:upper:] and/or [:lower:] construct missing %% conversion specification in suffix missing %s missing 'i' suffix in input: %s (e.g Ki/Mi/Gi) missing argument after %s missing argument to %s missing character class name '[::]' missing conversion specifier in suffix missing destination file operand after %s missing encoding type missing equivalence class character '[==]' missing file operand missing hexadecimal number in escape missing list of byte/character positions missing list of fields missing operand missing operand after %s mode must specify only file permission bits mode of %s changed from %04lo (%s) to %04lo (%s)
mode of %s retained as %04lo (%s)
moving input pipe multi-character separator %s multi-character tab %s multiple -i options specified multiple -l or -t options specified multiple compress programs specified multiple field specifications multiple levelranges multiple output delimiters specified multiple output files specified multiple output formats specified multiple random sources specified multiple relative modifiers specified multiple roles multiple separator characters specified multiple target directories specified multiple types multiple users multiplexed block special file multiplexed character special file multiplexed file must specify command with --chdir (-C) named file neither symbolic link %s nor referent has been changed
network special file no SHELL environment variable, and no shell type option given no change to ownership of %s
no command specified no conversion option specified no file systems processed no files remaining no group specified for unknown uid: %d no input from %s no lines to repeat no login name no process ID specified no terminating quote in -S string no type may be specified when dumping strings no username specified; at least one must be specified when using -l non-integer argument not a tty not writing through dangling symlink %s number in parallel must be nonzero numerical suffix start value is too large for the suffix length obsolescent key %s used; consider %s instead off offset overflow while reading file %s omitting directory %s on only ${VARNAME} expansion is supported, error at: %s only one [c*] repeat construct may appear in string2 only one device may be specified open failed option '-%s' is ignored options '-%s' are ignored option '-r' only applies to last-resort comparison option --output: field %s unknown option --output: field %s used more than once option --skip-chdir only permitted if NEWROOT is old %s option --zero not permitted in default format option used in invalid context -- %c options %s and %s are mutually exclusive options '-%s' are incompatible options --backup and --no-clobber are mutually exclusive options --compare (-C) and --preserve-timestamps are mutually exclusive options --compare (-C) and --strip are mutually exclusive or available locally via: info '(coreutils) %s%s'
output file suffixes exhausted output format: %s overflow extending size of file %s overflow reading %s ownership of %s retained
ownership of %s retained as %s
page number overflow page width too narrow pclmul support not detected port preserving permissions for %s preserving times for %s printing all duplicated lines and repeat counts is meaningless range-endpoints of '%s-%s' are in reverse collating sequence order read error read failed reading directory %s record too large redirecting stderr to stdout refusing to remove %s or %s directory: skipping %s regular empty file regular file rejecting suffix in input: %s (consider using --from) removed %s
removed directory %s
removing directory, %s renamed run-level semaphore sending signal %s to command %s separator cannot be empty set LC_ALL='C' to work around the problem setting flags for %s setting permissions for %s setting times of %s shared memory object skip-bytes + read-bytes is too large skipping %s, since it's on a different device skipping file %s, as it was replaced while being copied socket squfof queue overflow standard error standard input standard input is closed standard output stat failed stray character in field spec string comparison failed string transformation failed strip process terminated abnormally suppressing non-delimited lines makes sense
only when operating on fields symbolic link syntax error: expecting ')' after %s syntax error: expecting ')' instead of %s syntax error: missing argument after %s syntax error: unexpected ')' syntax error: unexpected argument %s system boot tab size cannot be 0 tab size contains invalid character(s): %s tab sizes must be ascending tab stop is too large %s tab stop value is too large tabs are too far apart target %s target %s is not a directory target directory not allowed when installing a directory term= test and/or [ text ordering performed using %s sorting rules text ordering performed using simple byte comparison the --binary and --text options are meaningless when verifying checksums the --compare (-C) option is ignored when you specify a mode with non-permission bits the --ignore-missing option is meaningful only when verifying checksums the --quiet option is meaningful only when verifying checksums the --status option is meaningful only when verifying checksums the --strict option is meaningful only when verifying checksums the --tag option is meaningless when verifying checksums the --warn option is meaningful only when verifying checksums the --zero option is not supported when verifying checksums the [c*] construct may appear in string2 only when translating the [c*] repeat construct may not appear in string1 the argument %s lacks a leading '+';
when using an option to specify date(s), any non-option
argument must be a format string beginning with '+' the delimiter must be a single character the monitored command dumped core the options for verbose and stty-readable output styles are
mutually exclusive the options to print and set the time may not be used together the options to specify dates for printing are mutually exclusive the strings compared were %s and %s the strip option may not be used when installing a directory time %s is out of range too few X's in template %s too many %% conversion specifications in suffix too many characters in set too many input lines too many repeated lines too many templates total traversal failed: %s typed memory object uid=%s unable to display error message unable to record current working directory unable to set security context %s unexpected failure: fts_info=%d: %s
please report to %s unknown program %s unknown status from command (%d) unknown status from command (0x%X) unparsable value for LS_COLORS environment variable unrecognized --preserve-root argument: %s unrecognized operand %s unrecognized prefix: %s up %2d:%02d, up ???? days ??:??, use --no-preserve-root to override this failsafe use -[v]S to pass options in shebang lines using %s to denote standard input does not work in file system mode using avx2 hardware support using pclmul hardware support value too large to be converted: %s value too large to be printed: '%Lg' (consider using --to) waiting for %s [-d] waiting for child process waiting for strip warning: %s is a zero multiplier; use %s if that is intended warning: %s: character(s) following character constant have been ignored warning: %s: context lookup failed warning: %s: failed to change context to %s warning: 'touch %s' is obsolete; use 'touch -t %04ld%02d%02d%02d%02d.%02d' warning: --pid=PID is not supported on this system warning: --retry ignored; --retry is useful only when following warning: --retry only effective for the initial open warning: PID ignored; --pid=PID is useful only when following warning: an unescaped backslash at end of string is not portable warning: backslash at end of format warning: cannot remove: %s warning: disabling core dumps failed warning: following standard input indefinitely is ineffective warning: ignoring --context warning: ignoring --context; it requires an SELinux-enabled kernel warning: ignoring --context; it requires an SELinux/SMACK-enabled kernel warning: ignoring excess arguments, starting with %s warning: invalid file offset after failed read warning: line number %s is the same as preceding line number warning: options --apparent-size and -b are ineffective with --inodes warning: security labeling handle failed warning: setitimer warning: sigprocmask warning: source directory %s specified more than once warning: source file %s specified more than once warning: summarizing is the same as using --max-depth=0 warning: the ambiguous octal escape \%c%c%c is being
interpreted as the 2-byte sequence \0%c%c, %c warning: timer_create warning: timer_settime warning: unrecognized escape '\%c' weird file when not truncating set1, string2 must be non-empty when reading file names from stdin, no file name of %s allowed when specifying an output style, modes may not be set when translating with complemented character classes,
string2 must map all characters in the domain to one when translating with string1 longer than string2,
the latter string must not end with a character class when translating, the only character classes that may appear in
string2 are 'upper' and 'lower' whiteout will not copy %s through just-created symlink %s will not create hard link %s to directory %s will not overwrite just-created %s with %s with --parents, the destination must be a directory with --suffix, template %s must end in X with FILE=%s, exit %d from command: %s with FILE=%s, signal %s from command: %s write error write error for %s write failed writing to %s you may not abbreviate the --no-preserve-root option you must specify -c, -t, -u, -l, -r, or context you must specify a buffering mode option you must specify a list of bytes, characters, or fields you must specify a relative %s with %s you must specify either %s or %s Project-Id-Version: GNU coreutils 9.0-pre1
Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: bug-coreutils@gnu.org
PO-Revision-Date: 2021-10-01 15:38+0900
Last-Translator: Akihiro Motoki <amotoki@gmail.com>
Language-Team: Japanese <translation-team-ja@lists.sourceforge.net>
Language: ja
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-Bugs: Report translation errors to the Language-Team address.
Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;
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TYPE ã b, c, u ã®å Žå㯠MAJOR ãš MINOR ã®äž¡æ¹ãæå®ããªããã°ãããŸããã
TYPE ã p ã®å Žåã¯çç¥ããªããã°ãªããŸããã MAJOR ãš MINOR ã 0x ãŸã㯠0X
ã§å§ãŸãå Žåã«ã¯ 16 é²æ°ãšããŠè§£éãããŸãã 0 ã§å§ãŸãå Žåã«ã¯8 é²æ°ã§ã
ãã以å€ã¯10 é²æ°ã§è§£éãããŸãã TYPE ã¯æ¬¡ã®éãã§ã:
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ããã©ã«ãã§ã¯ãSOURCE ã¹ããŒã¹ãã¡ã€ã«ã¯çºèŠçææ³ã§æ€åºããã察å¿ãã
DEST ãã¡ã€ã«ã¯ã¹ããŒã¹ãã¡ã€ã«ãšããŠäœæãããŸãããã㯠--sparse=auto
ãéžæããããšãã®åäœã§ãã--sparse=always ãæå®ããå ŽåãSOURCE ãã¡
ã€ã«ã«å€ã 0 ã®ãã€ããååãªé·ãå«ãŸããŠããå Žåã«ã¯ DEST ãã¹ããŒã¹
ãã¡ã€ã«ãšããŠäœæãããŸããã¹ããŒã¹ãã¡ã€ã«ã®äœæãçŠæ¢ããå Žåã¯
--sparse=never ã䜿çšããŠãã ããã
å¡ (CHUNKS) ã«ã¯ä»¥äžãæå®ã§ããŸã:
N å
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K/N N åäž K çªç®ãæšæºåºåã«åºåãã
l/N N åã®ãã¡ã€ã«ã«åå²ãããè¡ãã¬ã³ãŒãå
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l/K/N N åäž K çªç®ãæšæºåºåã«åºåããããè¡ãã¬ã³ãŒãå
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r/N 'l' ãšåæ§ã ãã©ãŠã³ãããã³åå²ããã
r/K/N äžèšãšåæ§ã ã N åäž K çªç®ãæšæºåºåã«åºåãã
çµåãèšå®:
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[-]cread å
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DURATION ã¯æµ®åå°æ°ç¹æ°ã§æå®ããè¿œå ã§æ¬¡ã®æ¥å°ŸèŸãæå®ã§ããŸã:
ç§ãè¡šã 's' (ããã©ã«ã)ãåãè¡šã 'm'ãæéãè¡šã 'h'ãæ¥ãè¡šã 'd'ã
DURATION ã« 0 ãæå®ãããå Žåãã¿ã€ã ã¢ãŠãã¯ç¡å¹ã«ãªããŸãã
ããã©ã«ãã®ãªãã·ã§ã³ã¯
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CC 㯠2 æåã§ãã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³åºåããæå®ããããã«äœ¿çšãããŸãã
2 çªç®ã®æåãæå®ãããªãå Žåã«ã¯æé»ã« ':' ãæå®ãããŸãã
GNU æ¡åŒµãšããŠã3 æå以äžã®å€ãæå®ãããã空æåå (-d '') ã
æå®ããŠã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³æ€çŽ¢ãç¡å¹ã«ããããšãã§ããŸãã
--remove (-u) ãæå®ããããšãã«ã¯ FILE ãåé€ããŸããããã©ã«ãã§ã¯
ãã¡ã€ã«ãåé€ããŸããããã㯠/dev/hda ã®ãããªããã€ã¹ãã¡ã€ã«ãæäœ
ããã®ãäžè¬çã§ããããããã®ãã¡ã€ã«ã¯éåžžåé€ããã¹ãã§ã¯ãªãããã§ãã
éåžžãã¡ã€ã«ãæäœããæã¯ãã»ãšãã©ã®äººã --remove ãªãã·ã§ã³ã䜿çšããŸãã
ãªãã·ã§ã³ã® HOW ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãŒã¯ã
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'unlink' => æšæºã® unlink ã³ãŒã«ã䜿çšããã
'wipe' => ããã«å ããŠãæåã«ååã®ãã€ãã®é£èªåãè¡ãã
'wipesync' => ããã«å ããŠãé£èªåããåãã€ããããã€ã¹ã« sync ããã
ããã©ã«ãã¢ãŒã㯠'wipesync' ã§ããããã®æäœã¯éåžžã«æéãããããŸãã
--block-size ã§æå®ãã SIZE, %s_BLOCK_SIZE, BLOCK_SIZE ããã³BLOCKSIZE ç°å¢å€æ°
ã®ãã¡ãæåã«æå®ãããŠãããµã€ãºåäœã§å€ã衚瀺ãããŸãããã以å€ã®å Žåãããã©
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ã€ã)ã
å FLAG ã·ã³ãã«ã¯ä»¥äžã®éãã§ã:
append è¿œå ã¢ãŒã (åºåã«å¯ŸããŠã®ã¿æå³ãããã conv=notrunc ãæšå¥š)
å MODE ã®åœ¢åŒã¯ '[ugoa]*([-+=]([rwxXst]*|[ugo]))+|[-+=][0-7]+' ã§ãã
äŸ:
$ %s --to=si 1000
-> "1.0K"
$ %s --to=iec 2048
-> "2.0K"
$ %s --to=iec-i 4096
-> "4.0Ki"
$ echo 1K | %s --from=si
-> "1000"
$ echo 1K | %s --from=iec
-> "1024"
$ df -B1 | %s --header --field 2-4 --to=si
$ ls -l | %s --header --field 5 --to=iec
$ ls -lh | %s --header --field 5 --from=iec --padding=10
$ ls -lh | %s --header --field 5 --from=iec --format %%10f
äŸ:
%s -12 file1 file2 file1 ãš file2 ã®äž¡æ¹ã«ååšããè¡ã®ã¿ã衚瀺ãã
%s -3 file1 file2 file1 ã«ã®ã¿ååšããè¡ãš file2 ã®ã¿ã«ååšããè¡ã衚瀺ãã
äŸ:
%s /usr/bin/ -> "/usr"
%s dir1/str dir2/str -> "dir1" ã®åŸã« "dir2"
%s stdio.h -> "."
äŸ:
%s /usr/bin/sort -> "sort"
%s include/stdio.h .h -> "stdio"
%s -s .h include/stdio.h -> "stdio"
%s -a any/str1 any/str2 -> "str1" ã®åŸã« "str2"
äŸ:
%s f - g æåã« f ã®äžèº«ãåºåãã次ã«æšæºå
¥åãåºåããŸãã
ãã㊠g ã®äžèº«ãåºåããŸãã
%s æšæºå
¥åãæšæºåºåã«è€è£œããŸãã
äŸ:
%s root /u /u ã®ææè
ã "root" ã«å€æŽããŸãã
%s root:staff /u åæ§ã§ãããã°ã«ãŒãã "staff" ã«å€æŽããŸãã
%s -hR root /u /u é
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ã "root" ã«å€æŽããŸãã
äŸ:
%s staff /u /u ã®ã°ã«ãŒãã "staff" ã«å€æŽããã
%s -hR staff /u /u ãšãã®é
äžã®ãã¡ã€ã«ã®ã°ã«ãŒãã "staff" ã«å€æŽããã
äŸ:
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(Epoch; 1970-01-01 UTC) ããã®ç§æ°ãæ¥æã«å€æããå Žå
$ date --date='@2147483647'
ç±³åœè¥¿æµ·å²žã®ã¿ã€ã ãŸãŒã³ã§æ¥æã衚瀺ããå Žå
(TZ 㯠tzselect(1) ã䜿ã£ãŠæ¢ããŸã)
$ TZ='America/Los_Angeles' date
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$ date --date='TZ="America/Los_Angeles" 09:00 next Fri'
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çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã¯ EXPRESSION ã null, 0 以å€ã®å Žå㯠0ã
EXPRESSION ã null, 0 ã®å Žå㯠1ã
EXPRESSION ãæ§æãšã©ãŒã®å Žå㯠2ã
ãã®ä»ã®ãšã©ãŒãçºçããå Žå㯠3 ã§ãã
å
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ããã©ã«ãã§ã¯ã %s ã¯å€æãšã©ãŒãæåã«èµ·ãã£ãæç¹ã§çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ 2 ã§
çµäºããŸãã --invalid='fail' ãæå®ãããå Žåãå€æãšã©ãŒããããã«ã€ããŠ
èŠåã衚瀺ãããçµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã¯ 2 ã«ãªããŸãã --invalid='warn' ã®å Žåã
å€æãšã©ãŒããããã«ã€ããŠã¡ãã»ãŒãžã衚瀺ãããŸãããçµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã¯
0 ã«ãªããŸãã --invalid='ignore' ã®å Žåãå€æãšã©ãŒã¯è¡šç€ºããããçµäº
ã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã¯ 0 ã«ãªããŸãã
çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹:
0 æ£åžžçµäºã
1 軜埮ãªåé¡ãçºç (äŸ: åãã£ã¬ã¯ããªã«ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ã§ããªã)ã
2 é倧ãªåé¡ãçºç (äŸ: ã³ãã³ãåŒæ°ã誀ã£ãŠãã)ã
FIELDS ã§ã¯ cut(1) ãšåæ§ã®åœ¢åŒã®ãã£ãŒã«ãã®ç¯å²æå®ã䜿çšã§ããŸãã
N N çªç®ã®ãã£ãŒã«ãã 1 ããå§ãŸã
N- N çªç®ã®ãã£ãŒã«ãããè¡æ«ãŸã§
N-M N çªç®ãã M çªç® (ãããå«ãŸãã) ã®ãã£ãŒã«ã
-M è¡é ãã M çªç®ã®ãã£ãŒã«ã (ãããå«ãŸãã)
- ãã¹ãŠã®ãã£ãŒã«ã
ã³ã³ãã§åºåã£ãŠè€æ°ã®ãã£ãŒã«ããç¯å²ãæå®ã§ããŸãã
FIELD_LIST ã¯ã衚瀺ãããã£ãŒã«ãåã®ã³ã³ãåºåãã®ãªã¹ãã§ãã
æå¹ãªãã£ãŒã«ãå㯠'source', 'fstype', 'itotal', 'iused', 'iavail', 'ipcent',
'size', 'used', 'avail', 'pcent', 'file' and 'target' ã§ã (info ããŒãžåç
§)ã
FORMAT ã«ãã£ãŠ C èšèªã® printf ã®ããã«åºå圢åŒãå¶åŸ¡ããŸãã
èªèãããæååã¯æ¬¡ã®éãã§ã:
\" ããã«ã¯ã©ãŒããŒã·ã§ã³
FORMAT ã§åºåãå¶åŸ¡ããŸãã解éãããæååã¯æ¬¡ã®éãã§ãã
%% æå %
%a ãã±ãŒã«è¡šç€ºã«ããææ¥ã®çç¥å (äŸ: Sunãæ¥)
FORMAT ã«ã¯æ¬¡ã®ãã¡ã®äžã€ãæå®ããŸãã
ln å·Šæãã 0 ã§åããªã
rn å³æãã 0 ã§åããªã
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FORMAT ã¯æµ®åå°æ°ç¹åŒæ° '%f' ãåºåã§ãããã®ã§ãªããã°ãããŸããã
ã¯ã©ãŒããä»ãããš (%'f) (çŸåšã®ãã±ãŒã«ã§ãµããŒããããŠããã°) --grouping
ãæå¹ã«ãªããŸããå¹
ã瀺ãæ°åãæå®ãããš (%10f) ããã£ã³ã°ãä»äžãããŸãã
0 ãå¹
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粟床ãæå®ãããš (%.1f) å
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ã®ããã«ã³ãŒãåãããŸããç¹å¥ãªå€ ^- ãŸã㯠undef ã¯ç¹æ®æåãç¡å¹ã«
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-e ãæå¹ãªå Žåã以äžã®ã·ãŒã±ã³ã¹ã解éãããŸãã
FILE ã« - ãæå®ããå Žåãæšæºåºåã«å¯Ÿã㊠shred ãè¡ããŸãã
ãã¡ã€ã«ãæå®ãããªãå Žå㯠%s ã䜿çšããã
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ãã¡ã€ã«ãæå®ãããå Žåãæå®ããããã¡ã€ã«ãèªã¿èŸŒãã§ãã©ã®ãã¡ã€ã«
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ãããã®ãã¡ã€ã«ã®æžåŒã®è©³çŽ°ã«ã€ããŠã¯ 'dircolors --print-database'
ãå®è¡ããŠäžããã
FIRST ã INCREMENT ãçç¥ããå Žåãããã©ã«ããšã㊠1 ãèšå®ãããŸãã
ãã£ãŠ INCREMENT ãçç¥ããå Žå㯠LAST ã FIRST ããå°ããå Žåã§ãããã©ã«ãã
1 ã«ãªããŸããæ°åã®åã¯ãçŸåšã®çªå·ãš INCREMENT ã®åã LAST ãã倧ãããªããšçµäºããŸãã
FIRSTã INCREMENTã LAST ã¯æµ®åå°æ°ç¹å€ãšããŠè§£éãããŸãã
FIRST ã LAST ããå°ããå Žåãéåžž INCREMENT ãæ£ã«ããŸãã
FIRST ã LAST ãã倧ããå Žåãéåžž INCREMENT ãè² ã«ããŸãã
INCREMENT 㯠0 ã«ã¯ã§ããŸããã
FIRST, INCREMENT, LAST ã¯ã©ãã NaN ãèšå®ã§ããŸããã
MODE ã '0' ã®å Žåã察å¿ããã¹ããªãŒã ã¯ãããã¡ãªã³ã°ãããªããªããŸãã
MODE ã 'L' ã®å Žåã察å¿ããã¹ããªãŒã ã¯è¡åäœã§ãããã¡ãªã³ã°ãããŸãã
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1 çªç®ãš 2 çªç®ã®æžåŒãã©ã¡ãã«ãããŠã¯ãŸãå Žåã¯ã
æåŸã®ãªãã©ã³ãã + ã§å§ãŸããã (ãªãã©ã³ãã 2 åã§) æ°åã®å Žåã«ã¯ã
2 çªç®ã®æžåŒãšèŠãªãããŸãã
OFFSET ãªãã©ã³ã㯠-j OFFSET ãšåãã§ããLABEL ã¯è¡šç€ºãããæåã®ãã€ãã®
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OFFSET ããã³ LABEL ã§ã¯ 0x ãŸã㯠0X æ¥é èŸãã€ãããš 16 é²æ°ãè¡šããŸãã
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'"$SHELL" -i' (ããã©ã«ãã§ã¯ '/bin/sh -i') ãå®è¡ããŸãã
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ããã§ãªããã° '$HOME/nohup.out' ã«è¿œå ãããŸãã
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å
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[-]ignbrk ãã¬ã€ã¯æåãç¡èŠ
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--padding=N ããã£ã³ã°ãããŠåºåã N æåå¹
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CTX ã«èšå®ãã
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FMT ã¯æ¥ä»ãšæå»ã®è¡šç€ºç²ŸåºŠã§ã
'date', 'seconds', 'ns' ã䜿çšã§ããã
äŸ: 2006-08-14 02:34:56-06:00
--round=METHOD ã¹ã±ãŒãªã³ã°æã®äžžãæ¹æ³ãšã㊠METHOD ã䜿çšãã
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--skip-chdir äœæ¥ãã£ã¬ã¯ã㪠%s ãžã®ç§»åãè¡ããªã
--sort=WORD WORD ã«å¿ããŠãœãŒããããWORD ã®åè£ã¯æ¬¡ã®éã:
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numeric -n, random -R, version -V
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-z, --zero åºåã®åºåãæåãæ¹è¡ã§ãªã NUL ã«ãã
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--additional-suffix=SUFFIX ãã¡ã€ã«åã« SUFFIX ãè¿œå ã§ä»å ãã
-b, --bytes=SIZE åºåãã¡ã€ã«æ¯ã®å€§ããã SIZE ãã€ãã«ãã
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-d æ¥å°ŸèŸãè±åã§ã¯ãªã 0 ã§å§ãŸãæ°åã«ãã
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-x æ¥é èŸãè±åã§ã¯ãªã 0 ã§å§ãŸã 16 é²æ°ã«ãã
--hex-suffixes[=FROM] -x ãšåæ§ã ããéå§çªå·ãèšå®ã§ãã
-e, --elide-empty-files '-n' ã䜿çšããæã«ç©ºãã¡ã€ã«ãäœæããªã
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'\0' (zero) 㯠NUL æåãæå³ãã
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-d, --section-delimiter=CC ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã®åºåãèšå·ã« CC ãå©çšãã
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-w, --width=WIDTH 80 ã®ä»£ããã«å¹
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-b, --bytes=LIST ãã€ãã§æ°ãã LIST ãéžæãã
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-c, --count è¡ã®åã«åºçŸåæ°ãåºåãã
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-d, --decode ããŒã¿ããã³ãŒããã
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-d, --directory ãã¡ã€ã«ã§ã¯ãªãããã£ã¬ã¯ããªãäœæãã
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unblock ãµã€ãºã cbs ã®ã¬ã³ãŒãã®æ«å°Ÿã¹ããŒã¹ (è€æ°å) ãæ¹è¡ã§çœ®æãã
lcase 倧æåãå°æåã«å€æãã
ucase å°æåã倧æåã«å€æãã
sparse äžèº«ã NUL ã ãã®åºåãããã¯ãæžã蟌ãŸãã«ã¹ããããã
swab å
¥åãã€ãã®åçµãå
¥ãæ¿ãã
sync åå
¥åãããã¯ããµã€ãºã ibs ã«ãªããŸã§ NUL ã§åãããblock
ãŸã㯠unblock ãšäžç·ã«å©çšãããå Žå NUL ã§ãªãã¹ããŒã¹ã§åãã
auto 1ã2æåã®æ¥å°ŸèŸãä»ããããšãã§ãã
1K = 1000,
1Ki = 1024,
1M = 1000000,
1Mi = 1048576,
binary ããŒã¿ã«å¯ŸããŠãã€ããªãŒ I/O ã䜿çšãã
cio ããŒã¿ã«å¯ŸããŠåæ I/O ã䜿çšãã
d[ãµã€ãº] 笊å·ä»ã 10 é²æ° 1 æŽæ° (integer) ã®ãµã€ãºæå®
f[ãµã€ãº] æµ®åå°æ°ç¹ 1 æµ®åå°æ°ç¹ (float) ã®ãµã€ãºæå®
o[ãµã€ãº] 8 é²æ° 1 æŽæ° (integer) ã®ãµã€ãºæå®
u[ãµã€ãº] 笊å·ãªã 10 é²æ° 1 æŽæ° (integer) ã®ãµã€ãºæå®
x[ãµã€ãº] 16 é²æ° 1 æŽæ° (integer) ã®ãµã€ãºæå®
direct ããŒã¿ã«å¯ŸããŠçŽæ¥ I/O ã䜿çšãã
directory ãã£ã¬ã¯ããªã§ãªãå Žåã«å€±æããã
dsync ããŒã¿ã«å¯ŸããŠåæ I/O ã䜿çšãã
excl åºåãã¡ã€ã«ãæ¢ã«ååšããå Žåã«å€±æããã
nocreat åºåãã¡ã€ã«ãäœæããªã
notrunc åºåãã¡ã€ã«ãåãè©°ããªã
noerror èªã¿èŸŒã¿ãšã©ãŒåŸãç¶ç¶ãã
fdatasync çµäºåã«åºåãã¡ã€ã«ããŒã¿ãç©ççã«æžã蟌ã
fsync äžãšåæ§ã ãã¡ã¿ããŒã¿ã«å¯ŸããŠã䜿çšãã
fullblock å
¥åã®ãããã¯ããã£ã±ãã«ãªããŸã§èç©ãã (iflag ã®ã¿)
iec 1æåã®æ¥å°ŸèŸãä»ããããšãã§ãã
1K = 1024,
1M = 1048576,
...
iec-i 2æåã®æ¥å°ŸèŸãä»ããããšãã§ãã
1Ki = 1024,
1Mi = 1048576,
...
noatime ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹æéãæŽæ°ããªã
nocache ãã£ãã·ã¥ã䜿ããªãããã«èŠæ±ããã oflag=sync ãåç
§ã®ããš
noctty ãã¡ã€ã«ããã®å¶åŸ¡ç«¯æ«ãå²ãåœãŠãªã
nofollow ã·ã³ããªãã¯ãªã³ã¯ããã©ããªã
nolinks è€æ°ãªã³ã¯ãããŠããå Žåã«å€±æããã
nonblock éããã㯠I/O ã䜿çšãã
none èªåã¹ã±ãŒãªã³ã°ãè¡ããªããæ¥å°ŸèŸããããšãšã©ãŒãçºçããã
none, off ããã¯ã¢ãããäœæããªã (--backup ãä»ããæã§ã)
numbered, t çªå·ä»ãããã¯ã¢ãããäœæãã
existing, nil çªå·ä»ãããã¯ã¢ãããããã°çªå·ä»ãã
ããã§ãªããã°ãsimple ã§äœæãã
simple, never åžžã«ç°¡æããã¯ã¢ãããäœæ
si 1æåã®æ¥å°ŸèŸãä»ããããšãã§ãã
1K = 1000,
1M = 1000000,
...
sync äžãšåæ§ã ãã¡ã¿ããŒã¿ã«å¯ŸããŠã䜿çšãã
text ããŒã¿ã«å¯ŸããŠããã¹ã I/O ã䜿çšãã
%H:%M:%S (ããã¯ã¢ãã: %s) * [-]LCASE [-]lcase ãšåã
* [-]cdtrdsr DTR/DSR ãããŒå¶åŸ¡ãæå¹ã«ããã
* [-]cmspar "stick" (mark/space) ããªãã£ã䜿çšãã
* [-]crtscts RTS/CTS ãããŒå¶åŸ¡ãæå¹ã«ãã
* [-]ctlecho ãããèšæ³ ('^c') ã§å¶åŸ¡æåããšã³ãŒ
* [-]decctlq [-]ixany ãšåã
* [-]drain èšå®ãé©çšãããŸã§éä¿¡ãåŸ
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* [-]echoctl [-]ctlecho ãšåã
* [-]echoke [-]crtkill ãšåã
* [-]echoprt '\' ãš '/' ã®éã§ãåé€ãããæåãéé ã«ãšã³ãŒ
* [-]extproc "LINEMODE" ãæå¹ã«ãããé«é
延ã®ãªã³ã¯ã®å Žåã«æçš
* [-]flusho åºåãç Žæ£ãã
* [-]imaxbel çºä¿¡é³ã鳎ãã, æåã«å
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* [-]iuclc 倧æåãå°æåã«å€æãã
* [-]iutf8 å
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* [-]ixany éå§æåã ãã§ãªã, ä»»æã®æåã§åºåãåé
* [-]lcase xcase iuclc olcuc ãšåã
* [-]ocrnl 埩垰 (CR) ãæ¹è¡ (LF) ã«ç¿»èš³ãã
* [-]ofdel å
å¡«æåãšã㊠NUL æåã®ä»£ããã« DEL æåã䜿çšãã
* [-]ofill é
延ã§ã¿ã€ãã³ã°ãåã代ããã«å
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* [-]olcuc å°æåã倧æåã«å€æãã
* [-]onlcr æ¹è¡ (LF) ã埩垰æ¹è¡ (CR\-LF) ã«å€æãã
* [-]onlret æ¹è¡ (LF) ã埩垰 (CR) ãšããŠåäœãã
* [-]onocr 1 æ¡ç®ã®åŸ©åž° (CR) ã衚瀺ããªã
* [-]prterase [-]echoprt ãšåã
* [-]tostop 端æ«ã«æžã蟌ã¿ãè©Šã¿ãããã¯ã°ã©ãŠã³ããžã§ããåæ¢
* [-]xcase icanon ãšãšãã«äœ¿çšãã倧æåã«å¯Ÿã㊠'\' ã§ãšã¹ã±ãŒã
* bsN ããã¯ã¹ããŒã¹ã®é
延ã¹ã¿ã€ã«. N ã®ç¯å²ã¯ [0..1]
* cols N ã¿ãŒããã«ã N æ¡ã§ããããšãã«ãŒãã«ã«éç¥
* columns N cols N ãšåã
* crN 埩垰 (CR) é
延ã¹ã¿ã€ã«. N ã®ç¯å²ã¯ [0..3]
* crtkill echoprt ãš echoe ã®èšå®ã«ãããã£ãŠå
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* eol2 CHAR è¡æ«ã瀺ãå¥ã® CHAR
* ffN çšçŽéãé
延ã¹ã¿ã€ã«. N ã®ç¯å²ã¯ [0..1]
* line N åç·å¶åŸ¡èŠå N ã䜿çš
* lnext CHAR CHAR ã¯åŒçšããã次ã®æåãå
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延ã¹ã¿ã€ã«. N ã®ç¯å²ã¯ [0..1]
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* status CHAR CHAR 㯠info ã·ã°ãã«ãéä¿¡
* swtch CHAR CHAR ã¯å¥ã®ã·ã§ã«å±€ã«åãæ¿ã
* tabN æ°Žå¹³ã¿ãé
延ã¹ã¿ã€ã«. N 㯠[0..3]
* tabs tab0 ãšåã
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* vtN åçŽã¿ãé
延ã¹ã¿ã€ã«. N 㯠[0..1]
* werase CHAR CHAR ã¯æåŸã«ã¿ã€ããããåèªãåé€
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